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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
924
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

831
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
820
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

3.9K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
3.9K
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

30.4K

Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

A Multimodal Imaging Framework to Advance Phenotyping of Living Label-free Breast Cancer Cells
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SHREC: Un marco para avanzar en la fenotipificación computacional de próxima generación con modelos de lenguaje

Sarah Pungitore1, Shashank Yadav2, Molly Douglas1

  • 1College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.

PLOS digital health
|February 13, 2026
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los modelos de lenguaje grandes (LLM) ligeros pueden automatizar la fenotipificación computacional, un proceso que consume mucho tiempo. El marco SHREC demostró que los LLM

Palabras clave:
fenotipificación computacionalmodelos de lenguaje grandesaprendizaje automáticoinformática biomédicaterapia de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Informática biomédica
  • Inteligencia artificial en la atención médica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La fenotipificación computacional es crucial para la identificación de cohortes, pero requiere mucha mano de obra debido a la revisión manual de datos.
  • La automatización limitada en los métodos de fenotipificación actuales dificulta la eficiencia y la escalabilidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la eficacia de los modelos de lenguaje grandes (LLM) ligeros en la automatización de tareas de fenotipificación computacional.
  • Introducir SHREC, un marco para integrar LLM en canalizaciones de fenotipificación.

Principales métodos:

  • Se aplicaron tres LLM ligeros (Gemma2, Mistral Small, Phi-4) dentro del marco SHREC.
  • Se probaron los LLM para la clasificación de conceptos y la fenotipificación de pacientes utilizando fenotipos para terapias de soporte respiratorio de Insuficiencia Respiratoria Aguda (ARF).
  • Se evaluó el rendimiento del modelo utilizando el Área Bajo la Curva Característica Operativa del Receptor (AUROC) y la especificidad.

Principales resultados:

  • Todos los LLM probados funcionaron bien en la clasificación de conceptos, con Mistral Small logrando un AUROC de 0.896.
  • Para la fenotipificación, los LLM demostraron una alta especificidad, y Mistral Small logró un AUROC promedio de 0.853 para fenotipos de monoterapia.
  • Los LLM mostraron adaptabilidad a nuevas tareas a través de la ingeniería de indicaciones y pudieron integrar datos brutos de Registros Electrónicos de Salud (EHR).

Conclusiones:

  • Los LLM ligeros muestran un potencial significativo para ayudar a los investigadores en tareas de fenotipificación que consumen muchos recursos.
  • El marco SHREC facilita la integración de LLM para la fenotipificación computacional de próxima generación.
  • La investigación futura debería centrarse en optimizar la integración de datos biomédicos y comprender los errores de razonamiento de los LLM.