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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

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Histeresis de hendidura y multiestabilidad en vigas pandeadas con cortes parciales
Bernat Durà Faulí1,2, Lennard Kwakernaak1,2, Martin van Hecke1,2
1AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Science advances
|February 13, 2026
Resumen
Añadir un corte parcial a las vigas flexibles controla con precisión las inestabilidades elásticas como el pandeo y el chasquido. Esto permite metamateriales mecánicos programables con memoria avanzada y comportamientos secuenciales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Mecánica
- Ciencia de Materiales
- Física
Sus antecedentes:
- Las inestabilidades elásticas, como el pandeo y el chasquido, son cruciales para las funcionalidades avanzadas en metamateriales y dispositivos.
- Existen limitaciones actuales en el control de las configuraciones post-pandeo y las transiciones de chasquido para ampliar las posibilidades de diseño.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar principios generales para controlar las inestabilidades elásticas en vigas flexibles.
- Investigar el efecto de los cortes parciales (hendiduras) en el comportamiento post-pandeo y permitir respuestas mecánicas programables.
Principales métodos:
- Introducción de cortes parciales (hendiduras) en vigas flexibles bajo compresión.
- Utilización de un modelo de cercha para analizar la interacción de las no linealidades geométricas y inducidas por hendiduras.
- Diseño y fabricación de vigas multihendidura para lograr comportamientos programables.
Principales resultados:
- Las vigas con hendiduras exhiben pandeo y chasquido controlados, lo que conduce a la tristabilidad.
- Un modelo de cercha explica con éxito los fenómenos observados.
- Las vigas multihendidura demuestran comportamientos programables que incluyen histéresis gigante, cuadriestabilidad y chasquido de varios pasos.
Conclusiones:
- Los cortes parciales ofrecen una estrategia general y simple para el control preciso de las inestabilidades elásticas.
- Este enfoque desbloquea un vasto espacio de diseño para metamateriales mecánicos con capacidades avanzadas de memoria y secuenciales.
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