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Asimetría de la fuerza en las extremidades inferiores y su asociación con cambios funcionales en personas con
Callie Evanchick1, Nicholas Lopez1, Elizabeth S Gromisch2
1Mercy University, 555 Broadway, Dobbs Ferry, NY, USA.
Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
|February 13, 2026
Resumen
La asimetría de la fuerza en las extremidades inferiores, particularmente en la flexión de la rodilla y la dorsiflexión del tobillo, afecta significativamente el estado funcional en personas con EM (PCE). Los puntos de corte específicos de asimetría, especialmente para la flexión de la rodilla, predicen el deterioro funcional en las PCE.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología
- Ciencia de la Rehabilitación
- Ingeniería Biomédica
Sus antecedentes:
- La asimetría de las extremidades inferiores (EI) se relaciona con la fatiga, la inestabilidad y el miedo a caer en personas con esclerosis múltiple (PCE).
- Existe una investigación limitada sobre la contribución específica de la asimetría de la fuerza de las EI al estado funcional en PCE.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las diferencias en la asimetría de la fuerza de las extremidades inferiores (EI) en varios grupos de estado funcional en personas con esclerosis múltiple (PCE).
- Identificar puntuaciones específicas de asimetría que indiquen cambios en el estado funcional en PCE.
Principales métodos:
- Se analizaron datos de un estudio transversal de 183 PCE clasificadas en grupos funcionales utilizando la Escala de Marcha de la EM (MSWS-12).
- Se midió el torque isométrico máximo y la asimetría de la abducción/extensión/flexión de la cadera, la extensión/flexión de la rodilla y la flexión plantar/dorsiflexión del tobillo.
- Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron el examen de diferencias entre grupos funcionales y la realización de análisis de características operativas del receptor (ROC) para identificar las puntuaciones de corte óptimas para la asimetría.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron diferencias significativas en la asimetría de flexión de rodilla (FR), dorsiflexión del tobillo (DT) y extensión de rodilla (ER) entre los grupos funcionales.
- La asimetría de FR (punto de corte ≥19,74%) y la asimetría de DT (punto de corte ≥14,29%) demostraron una sensibilidad y especificidad clínicamente relevantes.
- La asimetría de FR surgió como un predictor significativo del estado funcional en PCE (aOR: 264,75).
Conclusiones:
- Solo la asimetría de ER, FR y DT mostró diferencias significativas entre los niveles funcionales en PCE.
- Los umbrales de asimetría que diferencian los grupos funcionales mínimos de los severos superaron el criterio convencional del 10%.
- La asimetría de FR es un predictor clave de los cambios funcionales, lo que resalta su importancia en el manejo de las PCE.
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