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Rendimiento y repetibilidad de diferentes modelos de Chat Generativo Preentrenado (GPT) en la generación de diseños

Nawal M Alharbi¹, Reham B Osman²

¹Associate Professor at Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Journal of dentistry

|February 13, 2026

Resumen

Los chatbots de IA muestran una capacidad limitada en el diseño de armazones de prótesis parciales removibles, y ChatGPT-o3 supera a otros, pero aún carece de aceptabilidad clínica y repetibilidad. Actualmente no se recomienda el uso de chatbots de IA para el diseño de armazones de PPR.

Área de la Ciencia:

Prótesis dental
Inteligencia artificial en la atención médica
Odontología digital

Sus antecedentes:

El diseño de armazón de prótesis parcial removible (PPR) es un proceso complejo que requiere conocimientos especializados.
La integración de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en los flujos de trabajo de diseño dental es un área emergente.

Objetivo del estudio:

Evaluar el rendimiento y la repetibilidad de diferentes chatbots de IA (ChatGPT-4o, ChatGPT-o3, ChatGPT-5) en la generación de diseños óptimos de armazón de PPR.
Comparar los resultados de diseño de varios modelos de IA para un caso clínico específico.

Principales métodos:

Se digitalizaron nueve modelos de yeso parcialmente desdentados.
Los chatbots de IA generaron diseños de armazón de PPR a partir de archivos digitales utilizando indicaciones estandarizadas en dos momentos diferentes.
Los diseños fueron evaluados por prostodoncistas basándose en once criterios binarios, con análisis estadístico de rendimiento y repetibilidad.

Principales resultados:

Se observaron diferencias significativas en el rendimiento entre los chatbots de IA.
ChatGPT-o3 demostró un rendimiento superior en comparación con ChatGPT-4o y ChatGPT-5.
Mientras que ChatGPT-4o y ChatGPT-5 mostraron una alta repetibilidad, ChatGPT-o3 exhibió una menor concordancia.

Conclusiones:

Los chatbots de IA probados demostraron un bajo rendimiento en la generación de diseños de armazón de PPR clínicamente aceptables.
Los chatbots de IA no pudieron proporcionar consistentemente resultados repetibles para el diseño de armazón de PPR.
Los chatbots de IA actuales tienen una capacidad muy limitada para el diseño clínico de armazón de PPR debido a su complejidad.

Palabras clave:

Inteligencia artificial Chatbots de inteligencia artificial ChatGPT Diseño de armazón Inteligencia artificial generativa Rendimiento PPR

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