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Efectos conductuales y letales de bioformulaciones a base de levadura en Bactrocera dorsalis
Seema Ramniwas1, Aanchal Sharma2, Narendra Vikram Singh2
1Department of Microbiology, Marwadi University Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360003, India.
Scientific reports
|February 13, 2026
Resumen
Nuevos agentes de biocontrol derivados de hongos de insectos ofrecen una doble acción contra la mosca de la fruta oriental. Estas formulaciones estables actúan como atrayentes o repelentes, ayudando a las estrategias sostenibles de manejo de plagas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Entomología Agrícola
- Control Microbiano de Plagas
- Ecología Química
Sus antecedentes:
- La mosca de la fruta oriental (Bactrocera dorsalis) es una plaga agrícola importante que requiere un manejo sostenible.
- Los micobiomas de insectos son una fuente potencial de nuevos agentes de biocontrol.
- El Aceite Esencial de Citral (EOC) puede usarse para formular agentes de biocontrol.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la eficacia de agentes de biocontrol derivados de levadura formulados con EOC contra Bactrocera dorsalis.
- Evaluar la estabilidad, compatibilidad y efectos conductuales de estas formulaciones.
- Explorar su potencial en estrategias de manejo integrado de plagas (MIP).
Principales métodos:
- Formulación de Debaryomyces hansenii ziha1 y Pichia kudriavzevii zibd3 con EOC.
- Pruebas de estabilidad y compatibilidad a diferentes temperaturas.
- Ensayos conductuales (olfatometría) y pruebas insecticidas contra larvas.
- Caracterización química de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV) mediante GC-MS.
Principales resultados:
- Ambas formulaciones a base de EOC mostraron buena estabilidad y compatibilidad.
- D. hansenii-EOC actuó como un fuerte atrayente (95%), relacionado con Acetofenona y Hexadecenal.
- P. kudriavzevii-EOC fue un potente repelente (100%) y larvicida (mortalidad >50%), relacionado con p-Mentha1,5-dien-8-ol y Naftaleno.
- Las formulaciones exhibieron perfiles químicos e impactos conductuales distintos.
Conclusiones:
- Los micobiomas de insectos proporcionan un recurso valioso para desarrollar soluciones de manejo de plagas dirigidas.
- Se pueden crear bioformulaciones estables de doble acción (atrayente/repelente/larvicida).
- Estos agentes son adecuados para estrategias de "Empujar y Tirar" y "Atraer y Matar" en el MIP de Bactrocera dorsalis.
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