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Mecanismos de evolución de energía y prevención de peligros en granito profundo bajo carga cíclica: un estudio de
Yantian Yin1,2, Haiwang Ye1, Chao Peng2,3
1School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Scientific reports
|February 13, 2026
Resumen
La estabilidad de las carreteras de granito profundo mejoró al comprender la evolución de la energía de las rocas bajo estrés cíclico. Un marco de diseño de soporte basado en la energía mejoró la estabilidad y mitigó los peligros en las minas de roca dura.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Geotécnica
- Mecánica de Rocas
- Ingeniería de Minas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las carreteras de granito profundo enfrentan desafíos de estabilidad debido a campos de estrés complejos.
- Comprender la evolución de la energía en la roca circundante es crucial para mitigar los peligros dinámicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la estabilidad de las carreteras de granito profundo bajo carga y descarga cíclica.
- Analizar la evolución de la energía de la roca circundante en minas profundas de roca dura.
- Desarrollar un marco de diseño de soporte basado en la energía para mejorar la estabilidad de las carreteras.
Principales métodos:
- Mediciones de estrés in situ a profundidades entre 835 m y 1140 m.
- Pruebas de carga-descarga cíclica triaxial verdadera en especímenes de granito que simulan profundidades de enterramiento de 500-2000 m.
- Desarrollo y aplicación de un marco de diseño de soporte basado en la energía.
Principales resultados:
- La tensión tectónica horizontal domina, aumentando linealmente con la profundidad.
- Las deformaciones elásticas principales irreversibles (σ₁ y σ₃) aumentan exponencialmente con el número de ciclos.
- La energía elástica axial se acumula, mientras que la energía disipada circunferencial se estabiliza, lo que indica una conversión de energía inducida por daños.
Conclusiones:
- Los mecanismos de disipación de energía, incluida la deformación plástica y el desarrollo de grietas, son clave para la estabilidad de las carreteras.
- Un marco de diseño de soporte basado en la energía mejora eficazmente la estabilidad de las carreteras profundas.
- Los sistemas de soporte optimizados con capacidad de absorción de energía mitigan los peligros dinámicos en la minería profunda de roca dura.
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