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Comprensión de las situaciones reales de trabajo para determinar los criterios de salud ocupacional y ambiental para
Caroline Jolly1, Anouk Aubert-Simard2, Damien Burlet-Vienney2
1Department of Research, Institut de Recherche Robert-Sauvé en Santé Et en Sécurité du Travail (IRSST), Montréal, Canada. caroline.jolly@irsst.qc.ca.
BMC public health
|February 13, 2026
Resumen
Este estudio desarrolló criterios de diseño para pulverizadores agrícolas para mejorar la seguridad del agricultor y la protección del medio ambiente. La investigación se centró en los productores de manzanas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Agrícola
- Salud y Seguridad Ocupacional
- Agronomía
Sus antecedentes:
- La agricultura canadiense depende en gran medida de las granjas, y Quebec tiene una proporción significativa.
- Los agricultores enfrentan numerosos peligros ocupacionales, especialmente por el uso de pesticidas y maquinaria.
- Los diseños actuales de pulverizadores pueden no priorizar los criterios de salud y seguridad ocupacional (SSO).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar los criterios de diseño para pulverizadores de arboricultura.
- Prevenir intrínsecamente los riesgos de SSO en las operaciones agrícolas.
- Equilibrar los objetivos de SSO con los de producción y protección ambiental.
Principales métodos:
- Colaboración de un equipo interdisciplinario con la asociación de productores de manzanas.
- Diseño de investigación de métodos mixtos de tres años (cuantitativo y cualitativo).
- Recopilación iterativa de conocimientos a través de revisión de literatura, entrevistas, observaciones y cuestionarios.
- Talleres de intercambio con partes interesadas para refinar los puntos de diseño.
Principales resultados:
- Desarrollo de criterios y directrices de diseño para pulverizadores de arboricultura.
- Identificación de características clave de diseño para minimizar la exposición de los trabajadores a riesgos de salud y seguridad ocupacional (SSO).
- Consideración de la protección ambiental y la calidad de la producción en las recomendaciones de diseño.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos del proyecto informarán a los productores de manzanas, distribuidores y fabricantes sobre la selección, modificación y desarrollo de pulverizadores.
- Los principios de diseño pueden ser transferibles a otros tipos de pulverizadores agrícolas.
- El objetivo es mejorar la seguridad de los trabajadores y la sostenibilidad en la agricultura.
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