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Los ajolotes conservan la fertilidad durante toda su vida
Yuliia Haluza1, Beate Gruhl2, Anja Wagner2
1Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. yuliia.haluza@tu-dresden.de.
BMC biology
|February 14, 2026
Resumen
Los ajolotes, conocidos por su regeneración y longevidad, muestran una disminución gradual del potencial reproductivo hasta los 4 años, pero conservan la fertilidad durante toda su vida, exhibiendo una senescencia reproductiva limitada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del Desarrollo; Fisiología Comparada; Gerontología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ajolotes poseen notables capacidades regenerativas y longevidad.; A diferencia de muchos ectotermos, los ajolotes pueden experimentar una disminución de la fertilidad después de la maduración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el potencial reproductivo de los ajolotes a lo largo de su vida.; Investigar la disminución de la fertilidad y la senescencia en un modelo de vertebrado longevo.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de más de 15 años de registros de cría en cautiverio.; Evaluación del número de huevos, la calidad de los huevos y las tasas de éxito de apareamiento.; Examen histológico del tejido ovárico y la preservación de ovocitos.
Principales resultados:
- Los parámetros reproductivos (número de huevos, calidad, éxito de apareamiento) alcanzan su punto máximo después de la maduración y disminuyen gradualmente hasta los 4 años.; Las tasas reproductivas se estabilizan después de la maduración temprana.; Los ajolotes conservan ovocitos en etapa temprana y exhiben atresia folicular con la edad.
Conclusiones:
- Los ajolotes mantienen la fertilidad funcional hasta una edad avanzada, demostrando una senescencia reproductiva limitada.; Este estudio proporciona información sobre el mantenimiento de la capacidad reproductiva en vertebrados longevos.; Los ajolotes sirven como un valioso modelo comparativo para la investigación sobre el envejecimiento y el desarrollo.
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