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La serotonina modula los circuitos del núcleo accumbens para suprimir la agresión en ratones

Zihui Zhang^1,2, Gavin C Touponse¹, Pia J Alderman¹

¹Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Nature communications

|February 14, 2026

Resumen

Los niveles de serotonina (5-hidroxitriptamina; 5HT) aumentan durante la agresión, inhibiendo neuronas específicas en el núcleo accumbens para suprimir los ataques. Esto revela un nuevo mecanismo cerebral que controla el comportamiento agresivo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neurociencia
Neurociencia Conductual
Psiquiatría Molecular

Sus antecedentes:

La serotonina (5-hidroxitriptamina; 5HT) está implicada en la regulación de la agresión, pero sus circuitos neuronales y mecanismos precisos siguen siendo esquivos.
Comprender cómo la 5HT modula la actividad neuronal para controlar el comportamiento agresivo es crucial para desarrollar intervenciones dirigidas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Elucidar los circuitos neuronales y mecanismos específicos a través de los cuales la serotonina (5HT) regula el comportamiento agresivo.
Investigar el papel del núcleo accumbens y poblaciones neuronales específicas en el control de la agresión mediado por 5HT.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó la fotometría de fibra y la optogenética en ratones machos doble transgénicos para monitorizar y manipular los niveles de 5HT en tiempo real.
Se emplearon grabaciones de microscopio miniaturizado para observar la actividad neuronal dentro del núcleo accumbens durante encuentros agresivos.
Se combinó la electrofisiología in vivo y la imagen de calcio para correlacionar la dinámica de 5HT con los patrones de disparo neuronal.

Principales resultados:

Se observó un aumento significativo en los niveles de serotonina (5HT) en el núcleo accumbens durante comportamientos agresivos en ratones machos.
Se identificó un subconjunto específico de neuronas espinosas medianas D1 en el núcleo accumbens que son inhibidas por la 5HT elevada durante la agresión.
Se demostró que esta inhibición mediada por 5HT de las neuronas D1 es crítica para suprimir los ataques agresivos.

Conclusiones:

Se reveló un nuevo mecanismo neuromodulador donde el aumento de serotonina (5HT) en el núcleo accumbens suprime activamente el comportamiento agresivo.
Se destacó el papel inhibitorio de la 5HT en las neuronas espinosas medianas D1 como una vía clave para limitar la agresión.
Proporciona un nuevo marco para comprender la base neural de la agresión y posibles objetivos terapéuticos.

Palabras clave:

serotonina agresión núcleo accumbens neuronas comportamiento ratones neurociencia mecanismo inhibición control

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