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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Quantification of Social Behavior in Adult Rats

Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Quantification of Social Behavior in Adult Rats

Published on: December 14, 2014

Asociaciones entre el entorno de la política sobre el alcohol a nivel estatal y los resultados maternoinfantiles: un

Scm Roberts¹, A Schulte¹, G Liu²

¹University of California San Francisco, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Oakland, CA, 94612, USA.

American journal of preventive medicine

|February 15, 2026

Abstracto

Introduction:

The Alcohol Policy Scale (APS), a measure of the broader alcohol policy environment in the U.S., consistently relates to improved health outcomes. Whether the APS identifies policy environments that might reduce adverse effects from drinking during pregnancy is unknown.

Methods:

APS total composite score and APS consumption-oriented and APS driving-oriented subscale data were combined with outcome data from birth certificates and commercial insurance claims to examine associations between the APS and infant and maternal outcomes from 2000-2019. Outcomes included birth outcomes (birthweight, low birthweight, gestation, preterm birth), infant outcomes (infant morbidities related to maternal alcohol consumption; infant injuries consistent with maltreatment), and severe maternal morbidities (SMM). Analyses were conducted in 2024-2025 and used linear and logistic regression with individual- and state-level controls, state and year fixed effects, state-specific time trends, and standard errors clustered by state.

Results:

The APS was associated only with birthweight. As the APS indicated stricter policy environments, birthweight decreased (coefficient -0.45, 95% CI -0.84, -0.05). The consumption subscale was associated only with SMM; as the subscale indicated stricter environments, odds of SMM increased (aOR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00, 1.06). The driving subscale was associated only with birthweight and infant injuries; as the subscale indicated stricter environments, birthweight decreased (coef -0.14, 95% CI -0.26, -0.01) as did odds of infant injuries (aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.97, 1.00). All findings were no longer statistically significant in one or more sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions:

The APS does not appear relevant for identifying alcohol policy environments that might reduce adverse effects from drinking during pregnancy.

Palabras clave:

alcohol política embarazo

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