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Interacción entre pares en programas de actividad física predice cambios coincidentes en el capital psicológico y el
Zhonghui He1, Jiajin Tong2, Zhanjia Zhang3
1Department of Physical Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China.
Scientific reports
|February 15, 2026
Resumen
El tipo de actividad física impacta los recursos de bienestar. Las actividades de menor interacción aumentan el capital psicológico, mientras que las actividades de mayor interacción apoyan el apoyo social, lo que se alinea con el principio de correspondencia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del Deporte
- Psicología
- Estudios de Bienestar
Sus antecedentes:
- La actividad física es crucial para el bienestar y la calidad de vida.
- Es esencial comprender la relación entre el tipo de actividad y los recursos de bienestar.
- El principio de correspondencia sugiere un desarrollo óptimo de los recursos a través de actividades alineadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre diferentes niveles de interacción en la actividad física y los recursos de bienestar.
- Probar el principio de correspondencia en el contexto de la actividad física y el bienestar estudiantil.
- Explorar cómo se ven afectados los recursos intrapersonales (capital psicológico) y interpersonales (apoyo social).
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio de 12 semanas que involucró a 137 estudiantes universitarios en tres programas de actividad física (de baja a alta interacción).
- Se utilizaron pruebas pre y post para medir los cambios en los recursos de bienestar.
- Se empleó el Análisis de Covarianza (ANCOVA) de medidas repetidas para analizar las interacciones entre grupos y tiempos.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron interacciones significativas entre grupos y tiempos, lo que respalda el principio de correspondencia.
- Los participantes en actividades de baja interacción mostraron una mayor mejora en el capital psicológico.
- Las actividades de alta interacción condujeron a un mantenimiento o aumento del apoyo social, a diferencia de las actividades de baja interacción.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos validan el principio de correspondencia, lo que demuestra que la alineación actividad-recurso mejora el bienestar.
- Se recomienda adaptar los programas de actividad física a objetivos de bienestar específicos (por ejemplo, capital psicológico frente a apoyo social).
- Esta investigación aporta valiosas perspectivas para optimizar la actividad física para el bienestar integral de los estudiantes.
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