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Los ritmos circadianos regulan el reciclaje de osteoclastos a través de la expansión de células Th17 dependiente de
Shuo Ni1, Weicong Fu2, Lizong Zhang3
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Current research in microbial sciences
|February 16, 2026
Resumen
La interrupción de los ritmos circadianos a través de la alimentación puede causar pérdida ósea al alterar las bacterias intestinales y las células inmunitarias. Este estudio revela una vía microbiota intestinal-Th17-osteomorfo relacionada con la interrupción circadiana y la homeostasis ósea.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cronobiología
- Inmunología
- Biología ósea
- Investigación del microbioma
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ritmos circadianos son cruciales para la fisiología de los mamíferos, manteniendo la homeostasis.
- La interrupción de los ritmos circadianos afecta negativamente las funciones inmunitarias y metabólicas, aumentando el riesgo de enfermedades.
- Es esencial comprender la regulación circadiana de la salud esquelética.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto de la interrupción del ritmo circadiano en la salud ósea.
- Identificar los mecanismos que vinculan la desalineación circadiana, la microbiota intestinal y la pérdida ósea.
- Explorar el papel de las células inmunitarias y los precursores de osteoclastos en este proceso.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó la alimentación con tiempo restringido (AET) durante la fase de reposo a largo plazo en ratones machos para alterar los ritmos circadianos.
- Se indujo disbiosis de la microbiota intestinal a través de la AET.
- Se realizó un trasplante de microbiota fecal (TMF) de donantes con desalineación circadiana a receptores libres de gérmenes.
- Se analizó la vía de señalización RANKL-RANK-OPG y la fusión de precursores de osteoclastos (osteomorfos).
Principales resultados:
- La AET a largo plazo indujo una pérdida ósea significativa y disbiosis de la microbiota intestinal en ratones machos.
- El TMF de donantes con desalineación circadiana aumentó las poblaciones de células Th17 en los receptores.
- El aumento de las células Th17 promovió la fusión de osteomorfos en osteoclastos maduros a través de la vía RANKL-RANK-OPG.
Conclusiones:
- Un nuevo eje microbiota intestinal-Th17-osteomorfo media la pérdida ósea inducida por la interrupción circadiana.
- Los ritmos circadianos desempeñan un papel crítico en la regulación de la homeostasis esquelética a través de este eje.
- Este estudio descubre un nuevo mecanismo que vincula la biología circadiana con la salud ósea.
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