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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I01:22

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

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Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

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Nanopropulsores Janus auto-termotrópicos activados por luz

Henri Truong1, Chiara Moretti2, Lionel Buisson1

  • 1Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul-Pascal (CRPP), UMR 5031, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, F-33600 Pessac, France. eric.grelet@crpp.cnrs.fr.

Nanoscale
|February 17, 2026
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores demuestran nanopartículas Janus de oro-silicio activadas por luz y sin combustible para el movimiento controlado a nanoescala. Este avance supera los desafíos del movimiento Browniano, permitiendo la manipulación precisa de materia activa para aplicaciones en nanociencia y nanomedicina.

Palabras clave:
nanopartículas Janustermotrópicamateria activananomedicinananotecnologíafísica de la materia activaciencia de la materia blandamovimiento a nanoescaladifusión Brownianafototérmica

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Física de la Materia Activa
  • Nanotecnología
  • Ciencia de la Materia Blanda

Sus antecedentes:

  • El transporte controlado a nanoescala en fluidos se ve obstaculizado por las fluctuaciones térmicas (movimiento Browniano).
  • Los métodos existentes luchan por impartir suficiente energía para el movimiento dirigido de partículas de tamaño nanométrico.
  • Superar la difusión Browniana es crucial para las aplicaciones en nanociencia y nanomedicina.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Demostrar el movimiento activo sin combustible, tunable y reversible de nanopartículas Janus de oro-silicio utilizando excitación óptica.
  • Proporcionar evidencia experimental de la termoforesis autoinducida por luz a nanoescala.
  • Establecer un sistema fototérmico mínimo para estudiar y manipular materia activa.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de nanopartículas Janus de oro-silicio (Au-SiO2) (R ≈ 33 nm).
  • Utilización de técnicas de seguimiento de partículas individuales para analizar las trayectorias de las nanopartículas.
  • Excitación óptica para inducir y controlar la actividad de las nanopartículas.

Principales resultados:

  • Demostró el comportamiento activo sin combustible, reversible y tunable de nanopartículas Janus de Au-SiO2.
  • Proporcionó evidencia experimental directa de auto-termophoresis, distinguiendo el movimiento activo de la difusión Browniana.
  • Mostró nanopartículas impulsadas por luz como un sistema viable para la manipulación de materia activa a nanoescala.

Conclusiones:

  • Las nanopartículas Janus activadas por luz ofrecen una solución novedosa para el transporte controlado a nanoescala.
  • La auto-termophoresis proporciona un mecanismo para superar el movimiento Browniano a nanoescala.
  • Estos sistemas fototérmicos son prometedores para estudios fundamentales y aplicaciones en materia activa y nanomedicina.