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ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Dolor Abdominal-Niño

, HaiThuy N Nguyen¹, Sherwin S Chan²

¹Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, California.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR

|February 17, 2026

Resumen

El diagnóstico del dolor abdominal pediátrico a menudo requiere imágenes debido a un amplio diagnóstico diferencial y la limitada comunicación de los niños. Esta revisión analiza las imágenes apropiadas para diversos escenarios de dolor abdominal agudo en niños, guiada por criterios basados en evidencia.

Área de la Ciencia:

Radiología Pediátrica; Gastroenterología; Soporte de Decisiones Clínicas

Sus antecedentes:

El dolor abdominal en niños presenta un amplio diagnóstico diferencial que puede variar significativamente con la edad.
La dificultad de los niños para articular el dolor hace necesario el uso de imágenes diagnósticas para una evaluación precisa.
El dolor abdominal agudo en pacientes pediátricos requiere un enfoque sistemático para el diagnóstico.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar las estrategias de diagnóstico por imagen apropiadas para niños que presentan dolor abdominal agudo.
Discutir las modalidades de imagen para afecciones específicas que incluyen estreñimiento, intususcepción, obstrucción del intestino delgado, complicaciones quirúrgicas y enterocolitis necrosante.
Destacar el papel de las guías basadas en evidencia en el manejo del dolor abdominal pediátrico.

Principales métodos:

El estudio analiza varios escenarios clínicos de dolor abdominal agudo en niños.
Describe los estudios de imagen iniciales considerados apropiados o potencialmente apropiados según la evidencia y el consenso de expertos.
Se hace referencia a la metodología de los Criterios de Idoneidad del Colegio Americano de Radiología, incluidos los métodos GRADE y RAND/UCLA, para el desarrollo de guías.

Principales resultados:

La revisión detalla las imágenes apropiadas para causas comunes de dolor abdominal pediátrico como el estreñimiento y la intususcepción.
Aborda consideraciones de imagen para casos complejos como la obstrucción del intestino delgado y la enterocolitis necrosante.
Los Criterios de Idoneidad de la Colegio Americano de Radiología sirven como base para recomendaciones basadas en evidencia.

Conclusiones:

Las imágenes diagnósticas son cruciales para evaluar el dolor abdominal agudo en niños debido a la complejidad del diagnóstico.
Las guías basadas en evidencia, como los Criterios de Idoneidad del Colegio Americano de Radiología, ayudan a seleccionar los estudios de imagen apropiados.
El consenso de expertos desempeña un papel vital cuando la literatura revisada por pares es limitada para presentaciones específicas de dolor abdominal pediátrico.

Palabras clave:

AUC Abdomen Criterios de Uso Apropiado Criterios de Idoneidad NEC obstrucción intestinal intususcepción pediátrico postsurgery

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