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Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
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Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
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Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
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Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
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Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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¿Qué categorías perceptivas experimentan los observadores durante la percepción multiestable?

Jan Skerswetat1,2, Peter Bex1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston Campus, Boston, MA02115, USA.

Proceedings. Biological sciences
|February 17, 2026
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo método, InFoRM-Rivalry, para estudiar la rivalidad binocular (RB). Este enfoque revela distintas categorías perceptivas y vías de transición, lo que sugiere que la RB implica conflictos de procesamiento tanto monocular como binocular.

Palabras clave:
rivalidad binocularintrospecciónpercepción multiestablecategorías perceptivasaprendizaje automático no supervisadoconciencia visual

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Neurociencia
  • Ciencia Cognitiva
  • Psicología

Sus antecedentes:

  • La percepción multiestable ofrece información sobre los estados mentales dinámicos.
  • La rivalidad binocular (RB) es un paradigma clave para estudiar los cambios de conciencia.
  • Los métodos convencionales de RB tienen limitaciones para capturar transiciones perceptivas continuas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir InFoRM-Rivalry, un método novedoso para analizar la rivalidad binocular.
  • Superar las limitaciones de los métodos existentes para describir las transiciones perceptivas.
  • Investigar los sustratos neuronales de los cambios de conciencia durante la RB.

Principales métodos:

  • Se desarrolló el método InFoRM-Rivalry con categorías perceptivas personalizadas.
  • Se aplicó agrupamiento no supervisado para reanalizar datos existentes de RB.
  • Se utilizó un modelo oculto de Markov para estimar las vías de transición perceptiva.

Principales resultados:

  • Se identificó un promedio de 10 ± 8 categorías perceptivas distintas durante la RB.
  • Se demostró que estas categorías se mapean predominantemente a regiones exclusivas y superpuestas.
  • Se encontró que las transiciones son más probables entre categorías exclusivas monculares y categorías superpuestas binoculares.

Conclusiones:

  • La rivalidad binocular implica un conflicto entre sitios de procesamiento neuronal monocular y binocular.
  • Los hallazgos desafían la noción de que la RB depende únicamente de la inhibición del sitio monocular.
  • InFoRM-Rivalry proporciona una comprensión más matizada de la dinámica perceptiva en la RB.