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Vigilancia basada en eventos (VBE) en entornos inestables y de conflicto: lecciones aprendidas de Sudán
Elfatih M Malik1,2, Sze Man Yiu3, Muzhgan Habibi4
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum; EMPHNET Consultant for EBS in Sudan, Khartoum, Sudan. fatihmmalik@gmail.com.
Conflict and health
|February 18, 2026
Resumen
La Vigilancia Basada en Eventos (VBE) en Sudán se mantuvo funcional a pesar del conflicto, utilizando voluntarios comunitarios para la detección temprana de amenazas a la salud pública. Los factores clave de éxito incluyeron el apoyo y la comunicación de los voluntarios, lo que permitió la integración de datos para la toma de decisiones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Vigilancia de la Salud Pública
- Epidemiología
- Conflicto y Salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La Vigilancia Basada en Eventos (VBE) es crucial para la detección temprana de amenazas a la salud pública, especialmente en medio de las interrupciones de la Vigilancia Basada en Indicadores (VBI) tradicional causadas por el conflicto en Sudán.
- Este artículo detalla la implementación de la VBE en Sudán durante la guerra, centrándose en mantener la funcionalidad y adaptarse a los desafíos cambiantes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Documentar la experiencia de implementación de la Vigilancia Basada en Eventos (VBE) en Sudán.
- Destacar estrategias prácticas para mantener las operaciones de VBE durante un conflicto en curso.
- Compartir lecciones aprendidas de la implementación de VBE en un contexto humanitario desafiante.
Principales métodos:
- Una síntesis cualitativa descriptiva y una revisión documental de informes de proyectos, herramientas y documentos.
- Se empleó un análisis temático para identificar las mejores prácticas, innovaciones, desafíos y lecciones aprendidas en el desarrollo e implementación de la VBE.
Principales resultados:
- Se estableció y mantuvo con éxito una red nacional de voluntarios comunitarios para la VBE.
- Se implementaron estrategias innovadoras de capacitación y comunicación para los responsables de VBE y los voluntarios durante el conflicto.
- Los datos de la VBE se integraron con los datos de la Vigilancia Basada en Indicadores (VBI) para la toma de decisiones en el Centro de Operaciones de Emergencia (COE).
- Los factores clave de éxito incluyeron la cuidadosa selección de voluntarios, la atención a las necesidades de los voluntarios y la comunicación constante.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema de VBE en Sudán continuó funcionando y manteniendo actividades centrales a pesar de las limitaciones de recursos y el conflicto activo.
- El compromiso de los socios y del Gobierno de Sudán es vital para expandir potencialmente la VBE a otras áreas.
- El aprovechamiento estratégico de los compromisos existentes puede mejorar el alcance y el impacto de la VBE.
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