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Cuantificación de la resistencia térmica bacteriana para procesos de secado y tostado mediante un nuevo método de

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Este estudio desarrolló un método para controlar la humedad para estudiar la inactivación de patógenos en alimentos secos. El tamiz molecular 3A creó eficazmente condiciones secas, permitiendo la recopilación de datos cruciales de resistencia térmica para Salmonella.

Palabras clave:
DesecantesEnterococcus faeciumAlimentos de baja humedadHumedad relativaSalmonellaInactivación térmica

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Seguridad alimentaria
  • Microbiología
  • Procesamiento térmico

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los modelos matemáticos son esenciales para validar la seguridad microbiana en el procesamiento de alimentos de baja humedad.
  • La falta de datos de resistencia térmica para patógenos como Salmonella en condiciones de alta temperatura y baja humedad dificulta el desarrollo de modelos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar y validar un método para controlar la humedad relativa (HR) por encima de los 90 °C utilizando desecantes acondicionados.
  • Generar datos de inactivación térmica para Salmonella spp. y Enterococcus faecium en condiciones controladas de baja HR.

Principales métodos:

  • Se evaluaron tres desecantes (gel de sílice, alúmina activada, tamiz molecular 3A) para el control de la HR en una celda térmica de aw (TAC) de 80 a 140 °C.
  • Se determinaron las cinéticas de inactivación de un cóctel de Salmonella y E. faecium a 120 °C en diversas condiciones de baja HR.
  • Se caracterizó el equilibrio del sistema y la eficacia del desecante.

Principales resultados:

  • El tamiz molecular 3A demostró ser el más eficaz para lograr una HR extremadamente baja (cerca del 0%).
  • El equilibrio del sistema en el espacio de cabeza del TAC fue rápido (<3 min).
  • La inactivación microbiana siguió una cinética de primer orden.
  • Los valores D a 120 °C dependieron en gran medida de la HR en el rango del 0-40%, mostrando una disminución de 27 veces para Salmonella con el aumento de la HR.

Conclusiones:

  • Se demostró con éxito un método fiable para generar datos de inactivación térmica en entornos de alta temperatura y baja humedad.
  • El estudio proporciona parámetros cinéticos críticos esenciales para fortalecer los modelos predictivos para la seguridad de los alimentos de baja humedad.
  • Esta investigación permite una validación de procesos más sólida en la industria alimentaria.