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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division01:27

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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
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At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
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In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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La separación de fases de ERG atenúa la senescencia celular

Lu Pu1,2, Zhiliang Zuo3,4,5, Hui Zheng6

  • 1Laboratory for Aging and Cancer Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.

iScience
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los centenarios exhiben una accesibilidad de la cromatina única vinculada a la longevidad. El factor de transcripción ERG regula el envejecimiento celular a través de la separación de fases, reduciendo la senescencia y promoviendo la resiliencia en la vejez extrema.

Palabras clave:
química biofísicaorganización cromosómicabioquímica médica

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Genómica
  • Epigenética
  • Biología Celular

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los centenarios ofrecen información sobre los mecanismos de envejecimiento saludable.
  • Comprender la base molecular de la longevidad es crucial para desarrollar intervenciones.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Identificar factores epigenéticos y moleculares asociados con la longevidad excepcional en centenarios.
  • Investigar el papel del factor de transcripción ERG en el envejecimiento celular y la senescencia.

Principales métodos:

  • Perfilado transcriptómico y ATAC-seq de células mononucleares de sangre periférica de centenarios.
  • Análisis bioinformático integrador para identificar reguladores clave.
  • Estudios funcionales en células humanas para evaluar las propiedades biofísicas de ERG y sus efectos sobre la senescencia.

Principales resultados:

  • Se identificó un paisaje distinto de accesibilidad de la cromatina en centenarios.
  • Se destacó el factor de transcripción ERG como un regulador asociado con la longevidad.
  • ERG forma condensados nucleares a través de la separación de fases líquido-líquido, reduciendo la expresión de genes relacionados con la senescencia (por ejemplo, CDKN2A) y atenuando los fenotipos de senescencia celular.

Conclusiones:

  • Las características epigenómicas en centenarios están vinculadas a las propiedades biofísicas de los factores de transcripción.
  • La separación de fases de ERG es un mecanismo regulador novedoso en el control del envejecimiento celular.
  • La separación de fases puede contribuir a la resiliencia celular y la longevidad.