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Privación crónica aleatoria del sueño causa hipersensibilidad al dolor prolongada a través de la corteza cingulada
Kosuke Nakano1,2, Keisuke Koga1, Manabu Kadoya2
1Department of Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan.
iScience
|February 18, 2026
Resumen
La privación del sueño a largo plazo, especialmente la impredecible, puede causar hipersensibilidad al dolor duradera. La actividad cerebral mejorada en la corteza cingulada anterior (CCA) impulsa este dolor prolongado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurociencia
- Investigación del dolor
- Ciencia del sueño
Sus antecedentes:
- La alteración del sueño y el dolor tienen una relación bidireccional.
- No se comprende bien el impacto de la privación crónica del sueño (SD) y su predecibilidad en la sensibilidad al dolor.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo los diferentes patrones de privación crónica del sueño afectan la sensibilidad mecánica y la actividad neuronal.
- Explorar el papel de la corteza cingulada anterior (CCA) en el dolor inducido por la privación del sueño.
Principales métodos:
- Se desarrollaron dos modelos de ratón para la privación crónica del sueño: aleatoria (RSD) y de horario fijo (FSD).
- Se evaluó la sensibilidad mecánica y la actividad neuronal en la CCA.
- Se utilizó la inhibición quimiogenética y un tratamiento para el dolor (mirogabalina) para modular la actividad de la CCA.
Principales resultados:
- Ambas RSD y FSD disminuyeron los umbrales mecánicos y aumentaron la actividad neuronal de la CCA durante la privación del sueño.
- La recuperación ocurrió después de la cesación de FSD, pero la hipersensibilidad al dolor persistió después de RSD.
- La inhibición de las neuronas piramidales de la CCA o el uso de mirogabalina normalizaron la actividad de la CCA y redujeron la hipersensibilidad en ratones RSD.
Conclusiones:
- La actividad mejorada de la CCA es un mediador clave de la hipersensibilidad mecánica prolongada inducida por la privación crónica impredecible del sueño.
- La predecibilidad del sueño puede influir en la persistencia del dolor asociado con la alteración del sueño.
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