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Opinión experta sobre la reducción gradual de la miopía: estrategias para controlar la progresión de la miopía
Yanxian Chen1,2, Zhuoting Zhu3, Yuri Yin-Moe Aung3
1School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Ophthalmic epidemiology
|February 18, 2026
Resumen
La reducción gradual de los tratamientos de control de la miopía requiere una planificación cuidadosa para prevenir la progresión de rebote. La reducción gradual y la monitorización regular son clave para mantener una visión estable y evitar la miopía alta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oftalmología
- Optometría
- Cuidado ocular pediátrico
Sus antecedentes:
- Las intervenciones de control de la miopía son cruciales para controlar el aumento mundial de la miopía.
- La interrupción o reducción de estos tratamientos puede provocar una progresión de rebote de la miopía, un desafío clínico importante.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Sintetizar la evidencia sobre la reducción gradual de los tratamientos de control de la miopía.
- Proponer directrices para minimizar la progresión de rebote después de la interrupción del tratamiento.
Principales métodos:
- Valoración cualitativa de ensayos clínicos, estudios longitudinales y consenso de expertos.
- Enfoque en el momento del rebote, la magnitud, los factores de riesgo y las estrategias de reducción gradual.
Principales resultados:
- El riesgo de rebote varía según el tratamiento, la duración, la edad del paciente y la miopía basal, siendo mayor en niños más pequeños.
- La reducción gradual, la monitorización regular de la longitud axial y el error refractivo, y la atención individualizada mitigan el riesgo de rebote.
Conclusiones:
- El rebote del tratamiento después de la interrupción del control de la miopía puede comprometer el manejo a largo plazo.
- La reducción gradual y la monitorización constante son esenciales para la estabilidad a largo plazo de la miopía y la prevención de la miopía alta.
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