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Interacciones entre la anestesia perioperatoria y la microbiota intestinal: avances actuales en la investigación
Naiqi Jiang1,2, Lei Wang3, Xiaodi Chen4
1School of Anesthesiology, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
Cellular and molecular neurobiology
|February 18, 2026
Resumen
La microbiota intestinal (MI) y la anestesia interactúan, lo que puede afectar la salud. Esta revisión explora los desequilibrios de la MI inducidos por la anestesia y las estrategias de manejo para mejorar la recuperación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- Anestesiología
- Salud Humana
Sus antecedentes:
- La microbiota intestinal (MI) es crucial para la salud humana.
- La disbiosis se asocia con inflamación, infección y obesidad.
- La anestesia es vital para los procedimientos médicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar las interacciones entre la anestesia perioperatoria y la MI.
- Discutir los mecanismos de la disbiosis inducida por la anestesia.
- Proponer estrategias de manejo para los desequilibrios de la microbiota.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura y síntesis del conocimiento actual.
- Análisis de los posibles mecanismos de los efectos anestésicos en la MI.
- Identificación de estrategias de prevención y manejo.
Principales resultados:
- La anestesia y la MI exhiben interacciones bidireccionales.
- La anestesia puede inducir disbiosis de la microbiota intestinal.
- Se proponen estrategias para el manejo de la disbiosis.
Conclusiones:
- Comprender las interacciones anestesia-MI es clave para la salud del paciente.
- Se necesita más investigación sobre la modulación anestésica de la MI.
- Las intervenciones dirigidas a la microbiota pueden optimizar la recuperación.
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