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Enfisema orbitario por uso crónico de cocaína intranasal
Gio Manguerra1, Wesley Eilbert1
1Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
The Journal of emergency medicine
|February 18, 2026
Resumen
El uso crónico de cocaína intranasal puede provocar enfisema orbitario, causando proptosis ocular. Los médicos de urgencias deben reconocer esta afección y su vínculo con el daño de la estructura sinonasal para un manejo adecuado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Otorrinolaringología
- Oftalmología
- Medicina de Urgencias
Sus antecedentes:
- El uso crónico de cocaína intranasal puede destruir las estructuras sinonasales osteocondrales.
- Esta destrucción puede crear vías anormales entre los senos paranasales y la órbita.
- Dicha comunicación puede provocar enfisema orbitario.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Destacar la asociación entre el uso crónico de cocaína intranasal y el enfisema orbitario.
- Informar a los médicos de urgencias sobre esta posible complicación.
- Enfatizar la necesidad de un diagnóstico y manejo rápidos.
Principales métodos:
- Informe de caso de un hombre de 47 años con antecedentes de uso crónico de cocaína intranasal.
- Presentación con proptosis recurrente del ojo derecho, exacerbada al sonarse la nariz.
- La tomografía computarizada maxilofacial (TC) reveló enfisema orbitario derecho y destrucción del seno etmoidal.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente presentó un enfisema orbitario derecho significativo.
- La tomografía computarizada demostró la destrucción del borde lateral del seno etmoidal derecho.
- Los síntomas se vincularon directamente con el daño sinonasal inducido por cocaína.
Conclusiones:
- El enfisema orbitario es una consecuencia potencial del uso crónico de cocaína intranasal.
- El daño a los senos paranasales de la cara media por el abuso de cocaína puede resultar en enfisema orbitario.
- Los médicos de urgencias deben ser conscientes de esta asociación para un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos.
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