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Crianza dura y adicción a Internet en adolescentes: un modelo longitudinal de mediación moderada
Yi Han1,2, Jingyi Xu3, Yun Luo4
1School of Psychology, Affiliated Huai'an Hospital, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Psychology, health & medicine
|February 19, 2026
Resumen
La crianza dura puede conducir a la adicción a Internet en adolescentes, y la depresión actúa como un mediador clave. La gratitud puede intensificar este vínculo, lo que resalta la necesidad de intervenciones personalizadas para jóvenes en riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Psicología del Desarrollo
- Psicología Clínica
Sus antecedentes:
- La adicción a Internet en adolescentes es una preocupación creciente con importantes implicaciones para la salud pública.
- Comprender la compleja interacción de los factores psicológicos que influyen en la adicción a Internet es crucial para una intervención eficaz.
- La crianza dura es un factor de riesgo reconocido para diversos problemas de comportamiento en adolescentes, incluido el uso problemático de Internet.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación longitudinal entre la crianza dura y la adicción a Internet en adolescentes.
- Examinar el efecto mediador de la depresión en esta relación.
- Explorar el papel moderador de la gratitud en el vínculo entre la depresión y la adicción a Internet.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño de estudio longitudinal con dos oleadas de recopilación de datos durante aproximadamente un año.
- Involucró a 506 adolescentes (edad media 12,92 años) que completaron medidas autoinformadas.
- Se evaluó la crianza dura, la adicción a Internet, la depresión y la gratitud mediante cuestionarios validados.
Principales resultados:
- La depresión en adolescentes en el Momento 1 medió significativamente la relación positiva entre la crianza dura en el Momento 1 y la adicción a Internet en el Momento 2.
- La gratitud en el Momento 1 moderó la asociación entre la depresión en el Momento 1 y la adicción a Internet en el Momento 2, y una mayor gratitud fortaleció esta relación positiva.
- Estos hallazgos se mantuvieron significativos después de controlar la adicción a Internet basal, el género, la edad y el estado socioeconómico.
Conclusiones:
- La depresión juega un papel mediador crucial en la vía desde la crianza dura hasta la adicción a Internet en adolescentes.
- La gratitud, en lugar de amortiguar, parece fortalecer la asociación positiva entre la depresión y la adicción a Internet posterior.
- Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de abordar los comportamientos de los padres, la salud mental de los adolescentes y la gratitud en el desarrollo de intervenciones para la adicción a Internet.
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