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Mejora de la atención de la tuberculosis en países de ingresos bajos y medianos mediante tecnologías digitales de
Rabbyia Ahmad1,2, João Pedro Ramos3,4,2, Raquel Duarte3,4,5
1Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden Heights, Malaysia.
Breathe (Sheffield, England)
|February 19, 2026
Resumen
Las tecnologías digitales de adherencia (TDA) muestran una gran promesa para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento de la tuberculosis en países de ingresos bajos y medianos (PIMB). Sin embargo, la implementación exitosa requiere abordar los desafíos de costos, equidad y específicos del contexto para la eliminación global de la TB.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública
- Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias
- Salud Global
Sus antecedentes:
- La tuberculosis (TB) es un problema de salud global significativo, especialmente en PIMB.
- La adherencia al tratamiento es crucial para el control de la TB, pero sigue siendo un desafío.
- Las Tecnologías Digitales de Adherencia (TDA) ofrecen soluciones potenciales para mejorar la atención de la TB.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el papel y los desafíos de las TDA en la mejora de la adherencia al tratamiento de la TB en PIMB.
- Evaluar las implicaciones de costo-efectividad y equidad de la implementación de TDA.
- Identificar estrategias para la adopción y ampliación exitosa de TDA.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre TDA para la adherencia al tratamiento de la TB.
- Análisis de datos de costo-efectividad de varios contextos de PIMB.
- Examen de preocupaciones de equidad, incluida la desigualdad generada por la intervención.
- Identificación de desafíos y facilitadores de la implementación.
Principales resultados:
- Las TDA muestran potencial para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento de la TB, con algunas opciones de bajo costo como 99DOTS emergiendo.
- Los hallazgos de costo-efectividad son mixtos en diferentes PIMB.
- La implementación de TDA puede exacerbar o mitigar las inequidades en salud dependiendo de la focalización y el contexto.
- Los desafíos incluyen infraestructura, costo, fatiga tecnológica, privacidad de datos y factores socioeconómicos.
Conclusiones:
- Las TDA pueden mejorar la atención y la adherencia a la TB en PIMB, pero requieren estrategias específicas del contexto.
- Abordar la equidad y adaptar las intervenciones a las necesidades locales son fundamentales para el éxito.
- Las iniciativas de salud global y la financiación son esenciales para ampliar las TDA para la eliminación de la TB.
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