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Evaluación de la Motivación para el Uso del Condón en HSH: Descuento del Esfuerzo como Medida Novedosa de Riesgo
Peter Luehring-Jones1, Tibor P Palfai2, Jeffrey S Simons3
1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 900 Commonwealth Avenue, 2nd Floor, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. pluehrin@bu.edu.
AIDS and behavior
|February 19, 2026
Resumen
Una nueva tarea de descuento del esfuerzo sexual mide con precisión la motivación para el uso del condón en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Esta herramienta ayuda a comprender cómo la motivación impacta la toma de decisiones sexuales y el uso del condón en tiempo real.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Salud Pública
- Ciencia Conductual
Sus antecedentes:
- La motivación para el uso del condón entre hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) está influenciada por rasgos individuales y factores situacionales.
- Las evaluaciones previas se basaron en medidas de autoinforme transversales, lo que limita la comprensión en tiempo real de la motivación para el uso del condón.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y validar una nueva tarea de descuento del esfuerzo sexual para evaluar las diferencias individuales en la motivación del uso del condón entre HSH.
- Medir el esfuerzo que los HSH realizarían para obtener un condón antes de tener relaciones sexuales anales con una pareja de estado de VIH y ITS desconocido.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio piloto con 55 HSH que participan en comportamientos sexuales de riesgo administró repetidamente la tarea de descuento del esfuerzo sexual dentro de un marco de evaluación ecológica momentánea (EMA).
- La fiabilidad y validez de la tarea se evaluaron a través de asociaciones longitudinales con la motivación diaria para el uso del condón, comportamientos sexuales autoinformados, cogniciones sobre el uso del condón y una Tarea de Descuento del Retraso Sexual relacionada.
Principales resultados:
- La tarea de descuento del esfuerzo sexual demostró una buena fiabilidad en administraciones repetidas.
- La validez fue respaldada por asociaciones longitudinales significativas con la motivación diaria para el uso del condón y correlaciones con el comportamiento sexual y las cogniciones.
- Se encontraron asociaciones positivas con una versión de evaluación ecológica momentánea (EMA) de la Tarea de Descuento del Retraso Sexual, desarrollada recientemente.
Conclusiones:
- La nueva tarea de descuento del esfuerzo sexual ofrece una herramienta valiosa para evaluar las diferencias individuales en la motivación del uso del condón entre HSH.
- Este método permite una comprensión más profunda de cómo los niveles variables de motivación influyen en la toma de decisiones sexuales y el impacto de las variables contextuales en la motivación en los diseños de investigación.
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