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Lesiones que causan afantasia conectadas al nodo de la imagen fusiforme
Julian Kutsche1, Calvin Howard2, Alberto Castro Palacin3
1Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology with Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Department of Philosophy, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Resumen
La afantasia, la incapacidad de visualizar mentalmente, está relacionada con la función cerebral. Las lesiones que causan afantasia adquirida se conectan al nodo de la imagen fusiforme izquierda, crucial para la imagen mental visual.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurociencia
- Psicología Cognitiva
- Neuroimagen
Sus antecedentes:
- La afantasia, la ausencia congénita de la imagen mental visual, afecta hasta el 3% de la población.
- Las regiones cerebrales precisas que subyacen a la afantasia y la imagen mental visual siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidas.
- La afantasia adquirida debido a lesiones cerebrales ofrece una ventana única a la neuroanatomía de la imagen mental visual.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar los correlatos neuroanatómicos de la afantasia adquirida.
- Investigar el papel del nodo de la imagen fusiforme en la imagen mental visual.
- Establecer vínculos causales entre regiones cerebrales específicas y la capacidad de la imagen mental visual.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la literatura para identificar casos de afantasia inducida por lesiones.
- Mapeo de lesiones en un atlas cerebral común y comparación con lesiones de control.
- Análisis de la conectividad funcional entre los sitios de lesión y el nodo de la imagen fusiforme utilizando datos de fMRI de estado de reposo.
- Análisis de conectividad de lesiones en todo el cerebro impulsado por datos para determinar la sensibilidad y especificidad.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron doce casos de afantasia adquirida debido a lesiones cerebrales.
- Las ubicaciones de las lesiones, aunque diversas, mostraron consistentemente conectividad funcional con el nodo de la imagen fusiforme izquierda.
- La conectividad con el nodo de la imagen fusiforme fue un marcador sensible y específico para la afantasia.
Conclusiones:
- La afantasia adquirida resulta de lesiones en diversas áreas del cerebro, pero todas están funcionalmente vinculadas al nodo de la imagen fusiforme izquierda.
- Este estudio proporciona evidencia causal del papel crítico del nodo de la imagen fusiforme en la imagen mental visual.
- Los hallazgos avanzan nuestra comprensión de la base neural de la imagen mental visual y la afantasia.
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