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El entorno tuberculígeno
Mikaela Coleman1, Claire J Calderwood2, Sian Magee3
1Institute of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
The Lancet. Global health
|February 19, 2026
Resumen
La tuberculosis (TB) está impulsada por factores ambientales complejos más allá de la atención médica, lo que requiere un enfoque multisectorial. Abordar los determinantes sociales como la vivienda y el comercio es crucial para acabar con la pandemia mundial de TB.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública
- Ciencia de Sistemas Complejos
- Epidemiología de Enfermedades Infecciosas
Sus antecedentes:
- La tuberculosis (TB) sigue siendo una de las principales causas infecciosas de muerte a nivel mundial.
- Los diagnósticos y tratamientos existentes no han erradicado la enfermedad.
- El 'entorno tuberculígeno' perpetúa la TB en poblaciones vulnerables.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Definir el 'entorno tuberculígeno' y sus factores contribuyentes.
- Destacar las responsabilidades multisectoriales en el control de la TB.
- Abogar por un enfoque de sistemas complejos para acabar con la pandemia de TB.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis conceptual del 'entorno tuberculígeno'.
- Identificación de factores socioeconómicos y de políticas de nivel superior que influyen en la TB.
- Aplicación de principios de la ciencia de sistemas complejos al control de la TB.
Principales resultados:
- La pandemia de TB es sostenida por factores ajenos al sector de la salud, incluyendo el comercio, las finanzas y la educación.
- La disponibilidad y el acceso a servicios esenciales como la vivienda, la nutrición y la atención médica son críticos.
- Los esfuerzos actuales de control de la TB colocan una responsabilidad excesiva en los individuos y programas afectados.
Conclusiones:
- Acabar con la pandemia mundial de TB requiere abordar determinantes sociales y económicos complejos e interconectados.
- Es esencial un enfoque multisectorial que involucre a diversos responsables de la toma de decisiones.
- Replantear la TB a través de la ciencia de sistemas complejos enfatiza la responsabilidad compartida para la erradicación.
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