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Generaciones de conos de Dirac con frecuencias cuánticas fractales en las redes bidimensionales de guías de onda

Xiaohui Xu, Xiangbo Yang, Yan Zhi

|February 20, 2026

Resumen

Este estudio introduce una nueva red de guías de onda ópticas bidimensionales (OWN) que soporta conos Dirac cuantificados fractales. Estos conos únicos ofrecen un control bajo demanda y una transmisión óptica robusta, distintos de los métodos tradicionales de protección topológica.

Área de la Ciencia:

La fotónica es la fotónica.
Física de la materia condensada Física de la materia condensada
Redes de guías de ondas Redes de guías de ondas.

Sus antecedentes:

Los fenómenos topológicos en los sistemas fotónicos diseñados ofrecen propiedades de transporte únicas.
Los conos de Dirac, análogos a los del grafeno, son de gran interés para el nuevo comportamiento electrónico y fotónico.
Las estructuras fractales pueden exhibir propiedades complejas y sintonizables.

Objetivo del estudio:

Proponer y analizar una red bidimensional de guías de ondas ópticas (OWN) que soporte conos Dirac cuantificados fractales.
Para establecer relaciones analíticas para el control de las propiedades del cono de Dirac.
Demostrar capacidades robustas de transmisión óptica en entornos defectuosos.

Principales métodos:

Derivación teórica de las relaciones analíticas para conos Dirac cuantificados basadas en la periodicidad topológica traslacional.
Análisis de parámetros (p y q) para controlar las características del cono de Dirac.
Investigación numérica o experimental de comportamientos fotónicos como la pseudo-difusión y la transmisión defecto-inmune.

Principales resultados:

El OWN propuesto soporta tanto conos Dirac cuantificados estándar como fractales.
Las relaciones analíticas derivadas permiten el control bajo demanda de las frecuencias del cono de Dirac, el número y los ángulos de estrechamiento a través de los parámetros p y q.
El sistema exhibe pseudo-difusión y transmisión inmune a defectos debido al transporte topológicamente protegido a través de valores propios de orden fraccionario.

Conclusiones:

La red fotónica cuadrada ofrece un nuevo mecanismo de transporte de control topológico fraccionario, distinto de la protección topológica de orden entero.
La sintonizabilidad bajo demanda de las propiedades del cono de Dirac se logra a través de ajustes simples de parámetros.
Los hallazgos permiten una transmisión óptica robusta en entornos defectuosos, allanando el camino para nuevos dispositivos fotónicos.

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