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Un legado complejo: USAID, control de la población y justicia reproductiva en África

Nimrod Muhumuza¹, Nana Koomson²

¹Head of Evidence Generation, Afya na Haki, Kampala, Uganda. nmuhumuza@afyanahaki.org.

Sexual and reproductive health matters

|February 20, 2026

Resumen

La Agencia de Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID, por sus siglas en inglés) USAID.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Global La salud global.
Estudios de desarrollo Estudios de desarrollo Estudios de desarrollo.
Derechos Humanos Derechos del hombre Derechos humanos Derechos del hombre

Sus antecedentes:

USAID ha mejorado la salud materna/infantil y la prevención del VIH.
La historia de la agencia incluye controvertidas iniciativas de control de la población.
Estas iniciativas afectaron desproporcionadamente al Sur Global.

Objetivo del estudio:

Examinar críticamente las políticas históricas de control de la población de USAID.
Analizar el impacto de estas políticas en los derechos sexuales y reproductivos.
Proponer un marco para que la USAID aborde sus acciones pasadas.

Principales métodos:

Análisis histórico de los programas de control de la población de USAID.
Revisión de documentos de políticas y de la literatura académica.
Evaluación de impacto ético y de derechos humanos.

Principales resultados:

Los esfuerzos de control de la población de USAID se basaron en suposiciones erróneas sobre la pobreza.
Estas políticas llevaron a violaciones de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos.
Las iniciativas sirvieron a los intereses económicos occidentales en el Sur Global.

Conclusiones:

La USAID debe reconocer formalmente su problemática historia.
Los mecanismos reparadores y la programación dirigida por los indígenas son esenciales.
Abordar las desigualdades estructurales es clave para el desarrollo sostenible.

Palabras clave:

África África África África es el continente.La Agencia de Estados Unidos para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID, por sus siglas en inglés) USAID.El control de la población.La justicia reproductiva es la justicia reproductiva.La salud y los derechos sexuales y reproductivos.

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