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Biológicos dirigidos para TNBC: Avances en nanobodies, anticuerpos, péptidos y aptamers

Kazem Mashayekhi¹, Maryam Rahnama¹, Md Saidur Rahman¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 19901, USA.

Molecular therapy. Oncology

|February 20, 2026

Resumen

Las nuevas terapias moleculares como los anticuerpos, los nanocuerpos, los péptidos y los aptameros son prometedoras para el tratamiento del cáncer de mama triple negativo (TNBC) al atacar moléculas clave y superar la resistencia al tratamiento.

Área de la Ciencia:

Oncología Oncología.
Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
La inmunoterapia es una inmunoterapia.

Sus antecedentes:

El cáncer de mama triple negativo (TNBC) es un subtipo agresivo que carece de objetivos terapéuticos estándar, lo que lleva a resultados deficientes.
La heterogeneidad del TNBC y el microambiente tumoral inmunosupresor requieren estrategias de tratamiento innovadoras.
Las terapias actuales son limitadas, lo que destaca la necesidad de nuevos enfoques moleculares.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar los avances traslacionales en las terapias moleculares para el TNBC.
Para explorar el potencial de los anticuerpos, nanobodies, péptidos y aptamers en la orientación de TNBC.
Para discutir cómo estas plataformas pueden superar la quimiorresistencia y personalizar el tratamiento.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de las terapias convencionales basadas en anticuerpos (conjugados anticuerpo-fármaco, inhibidores de punto de control).
Exploración de los nanobodies para mejorar la penetración del tumor y la toma de imágenes.
Análisis de terapias basadas en péptidos (vacunas, conjugados) y aptamers para la administración dirigida.

Principales resultados:

Los conjugados anticuerpo-fármaco (por ejemplo, sacituzumab govitecan) y los inhibidores de punto de control (por ejemplo, atezolizumab) demuestran eficacia.
Los nanobodies ofrecen una mejor penetración del tumor y capacidades de diagnóstico.
Los péptidos y los aptameros muestran potencial para interrumpir las vías oncogénicas y modular el microambiente tumoral.

Conclusiones:

Estas plataformas moleculares tienen un potencial significativo para superar la quimiorresistencia en el TNBC.
Las terapias dirigidas pueden permitir la personalización del tratamiento específico del subtipo.
Las combinaciones sinérgicas de estos agentes pueden mejorar los resultados en oncología de precisión para TNBC.

Palabras clave:

MT: Edición regular de la misma.Los anticuerpos son los anticuerpos contra la enfermedad.El aptamer es un aptamer.punto de control del sistema inmunológico.inmunoterapia y la inmunoterapia.El nanobody es un nanobody.terapéutico basado en péptidos basados en péptidos.El cáncer de mama triple negativo.

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