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Métricas de compresión torácica durante soporte vital básico en lactantes con ratios de compresión-ventilación de
Amanda Vettoretti Nicoladeli1, Jefferson Pedro Piva1,2, Taís Sica da Rocha1,2
1Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Resuscitation plus
|February 20, 2026
Resumen
La ratio de compresión-ventilación de 15:2 en la reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) pediátrica mantuvo una fracción de compresión torácica más alta en comparación con la ratio de 10:2. Sin embargo, ambas ratios demostraron un cumplimiento similar de la profundidad de compresión torácica en el soporte vital básico (SVB) simulado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina de Emergencia Pediátrica; Ciencia de la Reanimación Cardiopulmonar (RCP); Investigación en Simulación Médica
Sus antecedentes:
- Las compresiones torácicas y la ventilación eficaces son cruciales para el soporte vital básico (SVB) pediátrico.; La ratio óptima de compresión-ventilación (C:V) para la RCP en lactantes sigue siendo un área de investigación en curso.; Estudios previos resaltan la importancia de ratios C:V específicas en escenarios de reanimación simulados.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar las métricas de rendimiento de la reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP) entre dos ratios de compresión-ventilación (C:V) (15:2 y 10:2).; Evaluar el impacto de diferentes ratios C:V en la profundidad, frecuencia y retroceso de las compresiones torácicas, y la efectividad de la ventilación en un modelo simulado de SVB en lactantes.; Determinar el efecto de las ratios C:V en la fracción de compresión torácica durante la RCP en lactantes.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un estudio de simulación cruzado aleatorizado con profesionales sanitarios pediátricos.; Los participantes realizaron escenarios de RCP en lactantes de 4 minutos en un maniquí utilizando ratios C:V de 15:2 y 10:2.; Resultado principal: proporción de compresiones torácicas conformes a las directrices; resultados secundarios: profundidad, frecuencia y retroceso de las compresiones, métricas de ventilación y fracción de compresión torácica.
Principales resultados:
- El cumplimiento de la profundidad y la frecuencia de las compresiones torácicas fue similar entre las ratios C:V de 15:2 y 10:2 (82,0 % frente a 83,5 %).; El retroceso completo del tórax fue ligeramente superior con la ratio de 10:2 (86,9 %) en comparación con la de 15:2 (82,3 %).; La ratio de 10:2 produjo respiraciones más efectivas pero una fracción de compresión torácica significativamente menor (64,9 %) que la ratio de 15:2 (73,8 %).
Conclusiones:
- En la RCP simulada en lactantes, el cumplimiento de la profundidad de las compresiones torácicas fue comparable entre las ratios C:V de 15:2 y 10:2.; La ratio C:V de 10:2 se asoció con una fracción de compresión torácica reducida en comparación con la ratio de 15:2.; Los hallazgos sugieren que, si bien la ventilación puede mejorar con la ratio 10:2, la ratio 15:2 puede ser preferible para mantener las compresiones torácicas continuas en el SVB en lactantes.
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