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El embarazo adolescente, la depresión y el abuso de sustancias: el efecto condicionante de los compañeros desviados
D'Andre Walker1, Kristy Holtfreter2
1University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA.
Deviant behavior
|February 20, 2026
Resumen
El embarazo adolescente está relacionado con un aumento de la depresión y el uso de sustancias. La combinación del embarazo adolescente, la influencia de los compañeros y la depresión predice significativamente el abuso de sustancias en adolescentes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología social Psicología social.
- Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
- Criminología de la Criminología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La Teoría General de Deformación (GST) postula que la deformación conduce a la desviación.
- El embarazo adolescente es un factor de estrés importante en la vida con posibles consecuencias conductuales.
- La asociación de pares desviada es un factor de riesgo conocido para el uso de sustancias en adolescentes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar la relación entre el embarazo adolescente y el consumo de sustancias (alcohol, marihuana).
- Investigar el papel moderador de la asociación de pares desviados en el proceso de afrontamiento de la tensión para adolescentes embarazadas.
- Para probar la Teoría de la Cepa General en el contexto del embarazo adolescente y el uso de sustancias.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de las Olas I y II del Estudio Longitudinal Nacional de la Salud de los Adolescentes a los Adultos (Add Health).
- Analizó una muestra de 5.236 mujeres adolescentes.
- Empleó análisis de regresión para evaluar los predictores de los comportamientos de uso de sustancias.
Principales resultados:
- El embarazo adolescente predijo significativamente la depresión y la participación en el uso de sustancias.
- Se encontró un efecto significativo de interacción de tres vías: el embarazo adolescente, la asociación de pares desviada y la depresión predijeron colectivamente el uso de sustancias.
- Los hallazgos apoyan la aplicabilidad de la Teoría de la Cepa General a las mujeres adolescentes que experimentan embarazo.
Conclusiones:
- El embarazo adolescente es un factor de estrés crítico que influye en la salud mental y el uso de sustancias.
- Las intervenciones deben abordar tanto la tensión del embarazo adolescente como la influencia de los compañeros desviados.
- Los programas sociales para padres adolescentes necesitan considerar la interacción de la angustia psicológica y el entorno social.
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