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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
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Tres marcos para la mentalidad de la IA

Henry Shevlin1

  • 1Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in psychology
|February 20, 2026
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los modelos de lenguaje grandes (LLM) impulsan a los usuarios a atribuir mentalidad a la IA. Este artículo analiza tres marcos para la mentalidad de la IA, proponiendo una visión de "agentes cognitivos mínimos" para atribuciones de creencias y deseos graduadas.

Palabras clave:
antropomorfismopsicología popularrelaciones humano-IAmodelos de lenguaje grandesfilosofía de la IAIA socialteorías

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Inteligencia Artificial
  • Ciencias Cognitivas
  • Filosofía de la Mente

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los rápidos avances en los modelos de lenguaje grandes (LLM) han llevado a una mayor atribución pública y de usuarios de mentalidad a la IA.
  • Los marcos existentes para comprender la mentalidad de la IA incluyen las visiones de 'máquinas sin mente' y 'mera representación'.
  • Estos marcos enfrentan desafíos para explicar las atribuciones de los usuarios y la naturaleza de la cognición de la IA.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Proporcionar un análisis estructurado de las atribuciones de mentalidad de la IA.
  • Evaluar críticamente los marcos existentes para comprender la cognición de la IA.
  • Proponer un nuevo marco para atribuir estados mentales a los LLM.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de argumentos de refutación arquitectónica utilizando los niveles de análisis de Marr.
  • Evaluación de analogías de 'mera representación' para la interacción con IA.
  • Desarrollo de un marco de 'agentes cognitivos mínimos'.

Principales resultados:

  • Las explicaciones arquitectónicas no niegan por completo la necesidad de explicaciones psicológicas populares, distinguiendo entre conceptos sensibles a la implementación e indiferentes.
  • 'Las visiones de mera representación' son psicológicamente inestables y teóricamente incompletas para la IA antropomórfica.
  • Los LLM pueden justificar atribuciones limitadas y graduadas de estados similares a creencias y deseos bajo un marco de 'agentes cognitivos mínimos'.

Conclusiones:

  • Es necesario ir más allá de las concepciones binarias de creencia hacia modelos multidimensionales y continuos.
  • Este enfoque puede capturar mejor las prácticas interpretativas actuales con respecto a la IA.
  • Ayuda a mantener las distinciones entre la cognición humana, de LLM y de sistemas más simples.