Microambiente hemostático impulsado por capilaridad en un andamio compuesto de colágeno / CMC-Ca orientado para...

Current hemostatic materials often exhibit insufficient fluid absorption, poor mechanical stability, and limited tissue regenerative capacity. To overcome these limitations, this study proposed the concept of a capillary-driven hemostatic microenvironment. Through acid-enzymatic extraction of collagen from bovine hide (95.7% purity) and ion-exchange purification of carboxymethyl cellulose calcium (CMC-Ca) to enhance Ca²⁺ content, oriented porous collagen/CMC-Ca composite scaffolds were fabricated using directional freeze-drying technology to construct aligned microchannels. The composite exhibited excellent in vitro hemocompatibility with hemolysis rates < 3% and 40-60% accelerated coagulation. In vivo evaluations using SD rat tail amputation and liver hemorrhage models demonstrated that the optimal formulation (Col@2.5%CMC-Ca) achieved rapid hemostasis (tail: 120 ± 11 s, 0.49 ± 0.05 g blood loss; liver: 24.3 ± 8.7 s, 0.1 ± 0.08 g blood loss), reducing blood loss by 52-86% compared to commercial controls. Furthermore, the scaffold promoted liver regeneration, showing significant tissue repair at 14 days post-implantation. This study establishes a dual-functional biomaterial integrating rapid hemostasis with proactive tissue repair, offering a promising solution to overcome existing limitations in hemostatic materials.