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Los puntos de estrangulamiento por estrés de la carga glacial modulan el ascenso y almacenamiento de magma en arcos
Meredith Townsend1, Pablo Moreno-Yaeger2, Andrew Harp3
1Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA. met423@lehigh.edu.
Nature communications
|February 20, 2026
Resumen
Los ciclos glaciares impactan la actividad volcánica alterando las vías del magma. Las cargas de hielo durante el Último Máximo Glacial (UMG) hicieron que el magma se detuviera más profundamente, reduciendo las erupciones y favoreciendo eventos más explosivos después de la desglaciación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Vulcanología
- Glaciología
- Tectónica
Sus antecedentes:
- Los ciclos glaciares están cada vez más vinculados a la actividad volcánica, pero los mecanismos físicos subyacentes en los arcos continentales no se comprenden bien.
- Comprender estos vínculos es crucial para evaluar los peligros volcánicos y predecir los estilos de erupción.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo la glaciación influyó en el ascenso y almacenamiento de magma debajo del sistema volcánico Mocho-Choshuenco en Chile durante el Último Máximo Glacial (UMG).
- Elucidar los procesos físicos que conectan las cargas de hielo con la dinámica del sistema magmático en volcanes de arco.
Principales métodos:
- Integración de datos realistas de carga de hielo y topografía con un modelo numérico de diques.
- Modelado del ascenso de magma desde reservorios de la corteza inferior bajo diversas condiciones glaciares.
Principales resultados:
- La carga de hielo crea un 'punto de estrangulamiento' de estrés en la corteza que profundiza el almacenamiento de magma en 2-3 km.
- Este mecanismo detiene efectivamente la recarga de reservorios de magma poco profundos durante los períodos glaciares.
- La recarga reducida promueve la diferenciación del magma, lo que podría conducir a erupciones más explosivas tras la desglaciación.
Conclusiones:
- La carga glacial proporciona una explicación parsimoniosa para los cambios observados en la profundidad de almacenamiento de magma, las tasas de erupción y la composición en Mocho-Choshuenco.
- Este mecanismo es aplicable a otros volcanes de arco influenciados por ciclos glaciares en todo el mundo.
Palabras clave:
volcanesmagmaglaciaciónestrésarcos continentalesciclos glaciaresactividad volcánicaprofundidad de almacenamientotasas de erupciónpeligros volcánicosMás Videos Relacionados
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