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Aumentos globales en el volumen construido indican patrones de expansión urbana más divergentes y menos dispersos
Yingcheng Li1, Xiaohan Zhong2, Ben Derudder3,4,5
1School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. lychls@seu.edu.cn.
Nature communications
|February 20, 2026
Resumen
Este estudio revela que la expansión urbana tridimensional (3D) está más centralizada que las medidas 2D. Los patrones de crecimiento vertical en el Sur Global, aunque fuertes, a menudo muestran baja centralidad, lo que impacta el uso de la tierra y las emisiones de carbono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Estudios Urbanos
- Ciencia Ambiental
- Análisis Geoespacial
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la estructura espacial urbana es crucial para la sostenibilidad ambiental.
- La investigación existente a menudo pasa por alto la distribución espacial del crecimiento vertical, centrándose principalmente en el volumen construido en 3D.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la centralidad y la intensidad de la expansión urbana vertical en áreas recién urbanizadas.
- Comparar las métricas de expansión urbana tridimensional (3D) con las medidas convencionales bidimensionales (2D).
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de un Índice de Centralidad (CI) y un Índice de Intensidad (II) para caracterizar la expansión urbana 3D.
- Utilización de datos de teledetección de múltiples fuentes para el análisis.
- Comparación de patrones de expansión 3D con medidas 2D.
Principales resultados:
- La expansión urbana tridimensional (3D) está generalmente más centralizada que la expansión bidimensional (2D).
- El crecimiento vertical es más pronunciado en el Sur Global, pero muchas ciudades fuera de China exhiben baja centralidad 3D.
- Los patrones de expansión 3D están vinculados a condiciones naturales/socioeconómicas y exhiben dependencia del camino.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones predominantes de expansión 3D de baja centralidad en el Sur Global pueden mejorar la eficiencia del uso de la tierra, pero podrían aumentar las emisiones de carbono relacionadas con los desplazamientos.
- Los futuros cambios de urbanización en África y el sur de Asia requieren una cuidadosa consideración de la dinámica del crecimiento vertical para el desarrollo sostenible.
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