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¿Quién mejora la planta? Un modelo de juego evolutivo tripartito para la adopción de tecnología de eliminación de
Xue Lei1, Yuying Luo1, Fengmei Liu1
1School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Resumen
Este estudio modela las interacciones de las partes interesadas para controlar la contaminación por productos farmacéuticos y de cuidado personal (PPCP). Encuentra que la intervención del gobierno es crucial para el control efectivo de la contaminación, ya que las fuerzas del mercado por sí solas son insuficientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Ambientales
- Química Ambiental
- Gestión Ambiental
Sus antecedentes:
- Los productos farmacéuticos y de cuidado personal (PPCP) representan una amenaza significativa para los ecosistemas acuáticos.
- La investigación existente se centra principalmente en las tecnologías de tratamiento, descuidando los mecanismos de gobernanza cruciales para el control de la contaminación por PPCP.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar las interacciones estratégicas entre las empresas farmacéuticas, las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales y las agencias gubernamentales en la gestión de la contaminación por PPCP.
- Desarrollar un modelo de juego evolutivo tripartito para comprender el comportamiento de las partes interesadas y la eficacia de las políticas.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de un modelo de juego evolutivo tripartito.
- Aplicación de la dinámica del replicador y el análisis de estabilidad.
- Realización de análisis de sensibilidad sobre varios parámetros.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron seis configuraciones de equilibrio estables, con cooperación completa siendo inestable debido a incentivos gubernamentales para la retirada.
- Las mejoras tecnológicas de las plantas de tratamiento son impulsadas por subsidios y sanciones gubernamentales, no por acciones de las empresas río arriba.
- La coordinación basada en el mercado es insuficiente sin intervención regulatoria, lo que resalta la necesidad de un compromiso gubernamental sostenido.
Conclusiones:
- La supervisión gubernamental y los instrumentos de política estratégica son esenciales para un control eficaz de la contaminación por PPCP.
- Los subsidios y las sanciones calibrados pueden incentivar eficazmente la adopción de tecnología por parte de las plantas de tratamiento.
- La reducción de los costos de producción limpia y el aumento de los ingresos por productos verdes aceleran el progreso hacia equilibrios ambientalmente racionales.
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