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Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
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Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
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The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
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Stress analysis under multiple loading conditions is intricate, necessitating a comprehensive grasp of normal and shearing stresses. Consider a small cube at point O, subjected to stress on all six faces, visible or not. Normal stress components σx, σy, σz act perpendicularly to the x, y, and z axes. Shearing stress components τxy and τxz are exerted on faces perpendicular to these axes.
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The general state of stress within a material can be accurately depicted using a stress tensor. This tensor encapsulates the internal forces distributed within a material subjected to external forces or deformations.
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La interocepción cardíaca en acción: modulación después de una inducción de estrés con una tarea de habla.

Lorena Desdentado1, Micah G Allen2, Jasmin Schultze3

  • 1Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89069 Ulm, Germany; CIBER of Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Polibienestar Research Institute, University of Valencia, Serpis 29, 46022 Valencia, Spain; Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46021 Valencia, Spain; Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 21, 46010 Valencia, Spain.

Biological psychology
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PubMed
Resumen

El estrés agudo mejora la interocepción cardíaca, mejorando la capacidad de percibir las señales del corazón. Este estudio encontró una mayor sensibilidad interoceptiva y atención al corazón durante las tareas estresantes.

Palabras clave:
Ansiedad Ansiedad AnsiedadLa interocepción es la interocepción.codificación predictiva de la codificación predictiva.Hablar en público es hablar en público.Tarea de tarea del habla.El estrés es el estrés del estrés.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Psicología Psicología Psicología.
  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • Psicofisiología Psicofisiología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La interocepción, el sentido del estado interno del cuerpo, se estudia típicamente en reposo.
  • La evidencia emergente sugiere que los procesos interoceptivos pueden cambiar con las demandas externas.
  • La interocepción cardíaca específicamente, la percepción de los latidos del corazón, es un área clave de interés.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para investigar si la interocepción cardíaca se ve alterada por el estrés agudo.
  • Examinar los cambios en la sensibilidad interoceptiva y las medidas relacionadas bajo estrés.

Principales métodos:

  • 139 adultos se sometieron a una tarea de habla estresante o a una tarea de lectura de control.
  • La interocepción cardíaca se evaluó utilizando la tarea de discriminación de la frecuencia cardíaca (HRD).
  • Las medidas de autoinforme de atención a las señales cardíacas se recopilaron antes y después de la tarea.

Principales resultados:

  • El grupo de estrés exhibió una sensibilidad interoceptiva significativamente mayor (d') en comparación con el grupo de control.
  • Los participantes bajo estrés informaron una mayor atención a sus señales cardíacas.
  • No se encontraron cambios significativos en otros resultados interoceptivos.

Conclusiones:

  • El estrés agudo parece mejorar la sensibilidad interoceptiva cardíaca y la atención autoinformada al corazón.
  • Estos hallazgos sugieren una interacción dinámica entre el estrés y la interocepción.
  • Se necesita más investigación para validar estos resultados y explorar las implicaciones clínicas.