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Trabajo oculto en el lugar de trabajo fragmentado: visibilidad ambivalente en la limpieza diurna

Karin Sardadvar¹

¹Department of Education, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Frontiers in sociology

|February 23, 2026

Resumen

La limpieza diurna no reduce automáticamente la invisibilidad de los trabajadores de limpieza en lugares de trabajo fragmentados. Los empleados del cliente pueden influir en las condiciones laborales y la visibilidad, lo que resalta la necesidad de medidas más amplias para mejorar el bienestar de los limpiadores.

Área de la Ciencia:

Sociología del Trabajo
Estudios Laborales
Comportamiento Organizacional

Sus antecedentes:

La externalización desde la década de 1980 ha creado 'lugares de trabajo fragmentados' donde el trabajo de limpieza a menudo es invisible.
El trabajo de limpieza, realizado por muchos trabajadores migrantes y femeninos, se caracteriza por la 'invisibilidad temporal' debido a horarios de trabajo fragmentados y fuera de horas pico.
El 'triángulo de servicio' (empleador, empleado, cliente) complica la dinámica del trabajo de limpieza.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el impacto de la 'limpieza diurna' en la visibilidad de los trabajadores de limpieza.
Analizar la naturaleza compleja y ambivalente de la (in)visibilidad de los limpiadores en entornos de trabajo compartidos.
Comprender la influencia de los empleados del cliente en las condiciones y la visibilidad de los trabajadores de limpieza.

Principales métodos:

Investigación cualitativa realizada en el sector de la limpieza austriaco.
Incluye entrevistas en profundidad con trabajadores de limpieza y empleados del cliente.
Observación participante para comprender las interacciones diarias y las rutinas de trabajo.

Principales resultados:

La limpieza diurna presenta un panorama complejo y ambivalente de la visibilidad de los limpiadores.
Los empleados del cliente influyen significativamente en las condiciones de trabajo y la visibilidad de los limpiadores, a pesar de no estar formalmente a cargo.
Los limpiadores emplean diversas estrategias para gestionar su propia visibilidad dentro del triángulo de servicio.

Conclusiones:

El concepto de (in)visibilidad en el trabajo de limpieza es contradictorio y requiere una comprensión matizada.
La implementación de la limpieza diurna requiere medidas complementarias que involucren a los empleados del cliente.
La mejora de las condiciones de trabajo requiere intervenciones multinivel que aborden el triángulo de servicio y las dinámicas del lugar de trabajo fragmentado.

Palabras clave:

limpieza limpieza diurna lugar de trabajo fragmentado trabajo oculto trabajo invisible externalización triángulo de servicio

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