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Investigación sobre resiliencia en discapacidades del aprendizaje: Principios rectores de la psicopatología del
Rebecca F Slomowitz1,2, Angela J Narayan2, Lauren M McGrath2
1Center for Neuropsychological and Psychological Assessment (CNAP), Kennedy Krieger Institute & Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Learning and instruction
|February 23, 2026
Resumen
Este estudio propone métodos estandarizados para investigar la resiliencia en la investigación de discapacidades del aprendizaje. Al adoptar los principios de la psicopatología del desarrollo, los investigadores pueden comprender mejor los factores protectores junto con los factores de riesgo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología del Desarrollo
- Psicología Educativa
- Educación Especial
Sus antecedentes:
- La investigación sobre discapacidades del aprendizaje se centra tradicionalmente en los factores de riesgo para el diagnóstico y la intervención.
- Aunque los mecanismos de resiliencia se reconocen teóricamente, la investigación empírica sigue siendo limitada.
- La atención reciente destaca las habilidades cognitivo-lingüísticas y los comportamientos en la tarea como posibles factores de resiliencia en el desarrollo de la lectura.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Recomendar prácticas estandarizadas para estudiar los mecanismos de resiliencia en las discapacidades del aprendizaje.
- Integrar los principios de la psicopatología del desarrollo (PD) en la investigación de discapacidades del aprendizaje.
- Proponer recomendaciones metodológicas para la investigación basada en la resiliencia.
Principales métodos:
- Artículo teórico basado en las directrices establecidas sobre resiliencia en psicopatología del desarrollo.
- Describe la perspectiva de la psicopatología del desarrollo sobre la resiliencia.
- Demuestra la aplicación de los principios de la psicopatología del desarrollo a las discapacidades del aprendizaje.
Principales resultados:
- Los resultados empíricos actuales sobre la resiliencia en las discapacidades del aprendizaje son difíciles de sintetizar debido a metodologías inconsistentes.
- Se necesitan métodos estandarizados para mejorar la replicabilidad y generalización de los hallazgos.
- Los mecanismos de resiliencia se pueden investigar utilizando marcos establecidos de psicopatología del desarrollo (PD).
Conclusiones:
- Recomienda la adopción de prácticas estandarizadas para estudiar la resiliencia en las discapacidades del aprendizaje.
- Aboga por la integración de métodos basados en la resiliencia con los enfoques existentes basados en el riesgo.
- Enfatiza el potencial de los principios de la psicopatología del desarrollo para avanzar en la comprensión de las discapacidades del aprendizaje.
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