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Tuberculosis peritoneal primaria en un paciente inmunocompetente: reporte de un caso

Vijayakumaran Yanusha¹, Pakkiyaretnam Mayurathan^2,3

¹Internal Medicine, Batticaloa Teaching Hospital, Batticaloa, LKA.

|February 23, 2026

Resumen

La tuberculosis peritoneal es una manifestación rara de TB abdominal en individuos inmunocompetentes, que presenta desafíos diagnósticos. La sospecha temprana y el tratamiento de la tuberculosis peritoneal son cruciales para resultados favorables.

Área de la Ciencia:

Enfermedades Infecciosas
Gastroenterología
Estudio de Caso Clínico

Sus antecedentes:

La tuberculosis (TB) es endémica en Sri Lanka, siendo la TB pulmonar la forma más común en individuos inmunocompetentes.
La tuberculosis peritoneal es una manifestación rara que a menudo presenta desafíos diagnósticos debido a síntomas inespecíficos como distensión abdominal, diarrea crónica y ascitis.

Objetivo del estudio:

Informar un caso de tuberculosis peritoneal en un paciente inmunocompetente.
Destacar las dificultades diagnósticas y enfatizar la importancia del tratamiento temprano para la TB abdominal.

Principales métodos:

Reporte de caso de un hombre inmunocompetente de 33 años con distensión abdominal progresiva.
Mini-laparotomía diagnóstica con biopsia omental para confirmar tuberculosis peritoneal.
Inicio de terapia antituberculosa.

Principales resultados:

La biopsia omental confirmó tuberculosis peritoneal.
La terapia antituberculosa condujo a la resolución completa de la ascitis.
El caso subraya los desafíos diagnósticos de la TB abdominal en pacientes inmunocompetentes.

Conclusiones:

La tuberculosis peritoneal requiere un alto índice de sospecha en pacientes inmunocompetentes que presentan síntomas abdominales sugestivos.
El diagnóstico temprano y la inicio oportuno de la terapia antituberculosa son esenciales para un manejo exitoso y mejores resultados clínicos.

Palabras clave:

antituberculoso biopsia inmunocompetente paracentesis tuberculosis

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