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Rigor instantáneo que causa trismo durante el paro cardíaco que requiere una vía aérea quirúrgica de emergencia: un
Takshak Shankar1, Nidhi Kaeley1, Ajay Kumar Mallapu1
1Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Rishikesh, IND.
Cureus
|February 23, 2026
Resumen
El rigor instantáneo, una afección rara que causa rigidez muscular inmediata en el paro cardíaco, puede provocar trismo repentino y emergencias en las vías respiratorias. La intervención quirúrgica rápida de las vías respiratorias es crucial para la reanimación exitosa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina de Emergencia; Cuidados Críticos; Neurología
Sus antecedentes:
- El rigor instantáneo (espasmo cadavérico) es un fenómeno post mortem raro que causa rigidez muscular inmediata.; Cuando afecta a la articulación temporomandibular, puede causar trismo severo, complicando el manejo de las vías respiratorias durante la reanimación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Destacar el rigor instantáneo como una causa crítica de insuficiencia de las vías respiratorias durante el paro cardíaco.; Enfatizar la importancia del reconocimiento temprano y el manejo quirúrgico de las vías respiratorias en tales casos.
Principales métodos:
- Informe de caso de una mujer de edad avanzada con hematemesis y shock que desarrolló un paro cardíaco.; Se documentó la aparición de trismo severo después del paro cardíaco, lo que hizo imposibles las técnicas convencionales de las vías respiratorias.; Se describió la cricotiroidotomía quirúrgica de emergencia exitosa para el manejo de las vías respiratorias.
Principales resultados:
- El paciente experimentó un paro cardíaco con asistolia, seguido de trismo severo e inmediato.; La ventilación con mascarilla y bolsa y la intubación orotraqueal fueron imposibles debido al trismo.; Se realizó con éxito una cricotiroidotomía quirúrgica de emergencia en cinco minutos, asegurando la vía aérea.
Conclusiones:
- El rigor instantáneo es una causa crítica, aunque rara, de compromiso repentino de las vías respiratorias durante el paro cardíaco.; El reconocimiento temprano del trismo y la conversión rápida a una vía aérea quirúrgica son vitales para prevenir retrasos en la ventilación.; Los médicos de urgencias deben mantener la competencia en las técnicas de las vías aéreas quirúrgicas para escenarios impredecibles.
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