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Entrega de fármacos dirigida: diseño de nanotransportadores para mejorar la acción terapéutica
Saadat Hussain1,2, Aqsa Arif1,2, Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman1,2
1L. E. J. Nanotechnology Center, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. raza.shah@iccs.edu.
Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)
|February 23, 2026
Resumen
Los nanotransportadores están revolucionando la administración de fármacos dirigida (TDD) al mejorar la localización de los fármacos y reducir los efectos secundarios. Estos vehículos nanoscópicos mejoran la eficacia terapéutica a través de estrategias de focalización pasiva y activa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ingeniería Biomédica
- Nanotecnología
- Farmacología
Sus antecedentes:
- Las terapias convencionales sufren de toxicidad sistémica y mala localización del fármaco.
- Los nanotransportadores ofrecen una solución al encapsular y proteger los agentes terapéuticos.
- La administración de fármacos dirigida (TDD) tiene como objetivo mejorar la eficacia del fármaco y minimizar los efectos secundarios.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar las estrategias de TDD basadas en nanotransportadores.
- Destacar el papel de los nanotransportadores en la medicina de precisión.
- Explorar materiales y métodos para una TDD eficaz.
Principales métodos:
- Utilización del efecto de permeabilidad y retención mejoradas (EPR) para la focalización pasiva.
- Empleo de modificación de superficie con ligandos para la focalización activa.
- Ingeniería de nanotransportadores (liposomas, nanopartículas poliméricas) para la encapsulación y el transporte de fármacos.
Principales resultados:
- Los nanotransportadores logran una acumulación preferencial en tejidos enfermos a través del efecto EPR.
- La focalización activa con ligandos específicos mejora la concentración del fármaco en los sitios de la enfermedad.
- La entrega de precisión minimiza el impacto en los tejidos sanos, reduciendo la toxicidad sistémica.
Conclusiones:
- Los nanotransportadores son cruciales para avanzar en la TDD y la medicina de precisión.
- Diversas estrategias y materiales permiten la entrega dirigida a sitios de enfermedad específicos.
- La TDD basada en nanotransportadores mejora significativamente los resultados terapéuticos y la seguridad del paciente.
Palabras clave:
nanotransportadoresentrega de fármacos dirigidananomedicinaingeniería biomédicananotecnologíaMás Videos Relacionados
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