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El brote de asma de la tormenta eléctrica de septiembre de 2022 en Yulin, noroeste de China: un análisis

Meimei Liu^1,2, Wenjing Ye³, Xin Liu^1,2

¹Department of Allergy, Yulin Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, P.R. China.

The Journal of international medical research

|February 23, 2026

Resumen

El asma por tormentas eléctricas representa una amenaza significativa en el noroeste de China, con un aumento en los casos relacionados con el polen de la mugwort y las tormentas. Los sistemas de alerta temprana son cruciales para la salud pública en las regiones afectadas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Ambiental Salud del medio ambiente.
Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Alergología Alergología.

Sus antecedentes:

Los brotes de asma por tormentas eléctricas representan una creciente preocupación por la salud pública.
Comprender los patrones epidemiológicos es vital para una gestión eficaz.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para documentar un brote específico de asma por tormenta eléctrica en Yulin, noroeste de China (septiembre de 2022).
Analizar las tendencias epidemiológicas de las enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas de 2018 a 2024.
Para identificar los factores de riesgo asociados con el brote.

Principales métodos:

Diseño del estudio observacional retrospectivo.
Se utilizaron datos de pacientes del Hospital Yulin y del Primer Hospital Afiliado de la Universidad de Xi'an Jiaotong.
Incluido el análisis de los sistemas de información hospitalaria, los registros médicos y los datos de monitoreo de polen.

Principales resultados:

La incidencia anual de enfermedades respiratorias alérgicas aumentó de 4778 a 26,459 casos (2018-2024).
Las visitas de emergencia alcanzaron un máximo de 2185 durante el período de tormentas eléctricas de septiembre de 2022.
Entre los pacientes hospitalizados, el 58% no tenía un diagnóstico previo de asma, el 70,9% tenía rinitis alérgica y el 59,1% estaba sensibilizado al polen de mugwort.

Conclusiones:

El asma por tormenta es un importante problema de salud pública en el noroeste de China.
La convergencia del polen del mugwort y las condiciones de tormenta eléctrica desencadenan brotes.
Se necesitan con urgencia sistemas integrados de alerta temprana para las áreas susceptibles.

Palabras clave:

Asma de tormenta eléctrica y tormenta.La rinitis alérgica es una rinitis alérgica.La epidemia es una epidemia epidémica.El polen de la mugwort es el polen de la mugwort.

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