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Cómo los pacientes jóvenes con cáncer hacen frente a la ansiedad por la muerte: un estudio cualitativo basado en la
Jingjing Luo1,2, Ruichen Han1, Yinghua Deng1
1Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road of Yuelu District, Changsha, China.
Resumen
Los pacientes jóvenes con cáncer experimentan ansiedad por la muerte a través de la saliencia de la mortalidad y emplean varias estrategias de afrontamiento. Los hallazgos apoyan intervenciones culturalmente sensibles y centradas en la familia para un apoyo psicológico personalizado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología Psicología Psicología.
- Oncología Oncología.
- Sociología Sociología Sociología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los pacientes jóvenes con cáncer se enfrentan a desafíos psicológicos distintos, incluida la ansiedad por la muerte.
- La Teoría de Gestión del Terror (TMT) proporciona un marco para comprender la ansiedad por la muerte y los mecanismos de afrontamiento.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para explorar las experiencias vividas de la ansiedad por la muerte en pacientes jóvenes con cáncer.
- Investigar las estrategias de afrontamiento empleadas por pacientes jóvenes con cáncer a través de la lente de la TMT.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas con 20 pacientes jóvenes con cáncer (entre 20 y 49 años de edad).
- Las entrevistas se guiaron por los principios de la TMT y se analizaron utilizando análisis temático.
- La presentación de informes siguió las directrices del COREQ para la investigación cualitativa.
Principales resultados:
- Surgieron cuatro categorías de experiencia: importancia de la mortalidad, afrontamiento evitativo, afrontamiento adaptativo y afrontamiento de refuerzo de significado.
- La importancia de la mortalidad incluyó la angustia cognitiva, las cargas de tratamiento, las preocupaciones financieras y la incertidumbre futura.
- Las estrategias de afrontamiento iban desde las defensas proximales (evitación) hasta las defensas distantes (apego, autoestima, búsqueda de significado, consuelo espiritual).
Conclusiones:
- El estudio aclara la naturaleza multifacética de la ansiedad por la muerte y el afrontamiento en pacientes jóvenes con cáncer.
- Las recomendaciones incluyen la integración de la educación cognitiva con el manejo de los síntomas y la implementación de intervenciones diferenciadas por género, culturalmente sensibles y centradas en la familia.
- Las intervenciones culturalmente sensibles deben apoyar a los pacientes sin sobreprotección, fomentando la comunicación abierta y proporcionando apoyo oportuno y orientado al significado para los pacientes con cáncer avanzado.
Palabras clave:
Proceso de copiado Proceso de copiadoAnsiedad por la muerte Ansiedad por la muerteEl aspecto cualitativo es cualitativo.Teoría de la gestión del terrorismo Teoría de la gestión del terrorismoPacientes jóvenes con cáncer.Más Videos Relacionados
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