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Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
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Ascitis Eosinofílica: Una Entidad Subreconocida en Trastornos Peritoneales
Rishi Chowdhary1, Zainab Awan2, Param Darpan Sheth3
1Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, 2500 MetroHealth Drive, Cleveland, OH, 44109, USA. rxc822@case.edu.
Digestive diseases and sciences
|February 24, 2026
Resumen
La ascitis eosinofílica (AE) es una afección rara que a menudo se diagnostica erróneamente. El tratamiento rápido con corticosteroides es eficaz, pero se necesita más investigación para el diagnóstico y las recaídas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología e Inmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- La ascitis eosinofílica (AE) es una afección rara caracterizada por líquido peritoneal rico en eosinófilos, a menudo mal diagnosticada.
- Con frecuencia se asocia con gastroenteritis eosinofílica (GEE) y se presenta en adultos de 30 a 50 años.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Esta revisión consolida el conocimiento actual sobre la ascitis eosinofílica.
- Se centra en la etiología, la fisiopatología, los desafíos diagnósticos y las estrategias de tratamiento, identificando lagunas en el conocimiento.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una revisión narrativa de estudios de 2000 a 2025 utilizando PubMed, SpringerLink y Web of Science.
- Los estudios incluidos requirieron AE confirmada histopatológicamente con eosinofilia ascítica >10%, imágenes y resultados del tratamiento.
Principales resultados:
- La patogénesis de la AE implica la infiltración de eosinófilos de la serosa gastrointestinal impulsada por IL-5.
- Las características diagnósticas incluyen ascitis exudativa con predominio de eosinófilos, eosinofilia periférica y engrosamiento de la pared intestinal en la TC.
- Los corticosteroides logran la remisión en el 80% de los pacientes en dos semanas.
Conclusiones:
- La mayor sospecha clínica es crucial para diagnosticar la ascitis eosinofílica.
- La investigación futura debe centrarse en diagnósticos no invasivos, comparar biológicos con esteroides y explorar factores genéticos en casos refractarios.
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