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Pensamientos de autolesión posparto y riesgo posterior de autolesión intencional
Xiaoqin Liu1, Erik Christiansen2,3, Veerle Bergink4,5
1NCRR-The National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark lxq.ncrr@au.dk.
BMJ mental health
|February 24, 2026
Resumen
Las mujeres posparto que informan pensamientos de autolesión enfrentan un riesgo 11 veces mayor de autolesión intencional registrada posteriormente. La evaluación y el apoyo tempranos son cruciales para las madres en riesgo para prevenir la mortalidad materna.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud mental perinatal; Mortalidad materna; Prevención del suicidio
Sus antecedentes:
- El suicidio es una causa importante de mortalidad materna prevenible.; El ítem 10 de la Escala de Depresión Posparto de Edimburgo (EPDS) detecta pensamientos de autolesión.; La identificación de mujeres posparto en riesgo es fundamental para la intervención.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar si las respuestas positivas al ítem 10 de la EPDS predicen la autolesión intencional registrada en el hospital en mujeres posparto.; Cuantificar la asociación entre los pensamientos de autolesión y los eventos posteriores de autolesión.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte basado en la población en Dinamarca que vincula registros a nivel nacional.; Se incluyeron 170,218 partos de 142,795 mujeres.; Se utilizó la ponderación inversa de la puntuación de propensión y la regresión logística penalizada de Firth para ajustar por confusión.
Principales resultados:
- 1.7% de las mujeres informaron pensamientos de autolesión (ítem 10 de la EPDS).; Las mujeres con pensamientos de autolesión tuvieron una tasa bruta 24 veces mayor de autolesión intencional hospitalizada.; El odds ratio ajustado para autolesión intencional fue de 10.91 (IC del 95%: 7.03 a 17.99).
Conclusiones:
- Las mujeres posparto que informan pensamientos de autolesión tienen un riesgo relativo significativamente elevado (11 veces) de autolesión intencional.; A pesar del bajo riesgo absoluto, el aumento del riesgo relativo subraya la necesidad de una atención proactiva.; La evaluación y el apoyo oportunos son vitales para las madres que obtienen un resultado positivo en la detección de pensamientos de autolesión.
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