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Residuos Ajustados para Evaluar la Independencia Condicional en Modelos de Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem para Pruebas
Peter W van Rijn1, Usama S Ali2,3, Hyo Jeong Shin4
1ETS Global.
Psychometrika
|February 25, 2026
Resumen
Los modelos de teoría de respuesta al ítem (TRI) requieren ajustes para los datos de pruebas adaptativas multietapa (MST) debido a las decisiones de enrutamiento. Los residuos no ajustados son inapropiados, pero los residuos ajustados muestran errores de Tipo I satisfactorios en simulaciones y análisis de datos reales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicometría
- Modelado Estadístico
- Medición Educativa
Sus antecedentes:
- Los modelos de teoría de respuesta al ítem (TRI) asumen la independencia condicional de las respuestas a los ítems dada la habilidad latente.
- Los diseños de pruebas adaptativas multietapa (MST) implican decisiones de enrutamiento que pueden violar esta suposición de independencia condicional.
- Esta violación puede afectar la inferencia estadística en análisis psicométricos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto de las decisiones de enrutamiento en los diseños MST en la suposición de independencia condicional en los modelos TRI.
- Evaluar la idoneidad de los residuos generalizados para analizar datos MST.
- Proponer y validar ajustes a los residuos para datos MST.
Principales métodos:
- El estudio examina el fenómeno de cuasi-independencia en el contexto de datos MST.
- Demuestra la inaplicabilidad de los residuos generalizados estándar (Haberman & Sinharay, 2013) a datos MST sin modificación.
- Se desarrollan ajustes a los residuos, dependientes de la complejidad del diseño MST, y se evalúan mediante simulación y análisis de datos reales.
Principales resultados:
- Los residuos generalizados para las frecuencias de pares de ítems son inapropiados para datos MST sin ajustes específicos del diseño.
- Los residuos ajustados propuestos demuestran tasas de error de Tipo I satisfactorias en estudios de simulación.
- Los residuos ajustados se aplicaron con éxito a datos MST reales del Programa para la Evaluación Internacional de Estudiantes (PISA).
Conclusiones:
- Los diagnósticos de residuos TRI estándar no son directamente aplicables a datos MST.
- Son necesarios y efectivos ajustes a los residuos para una inferencia estadística válida en diseños MST.
- Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones para la inferencia estadística y la evaluación del ajuste del modelo en entornos de pruebas adaptativas.
Palabras clave:
independencia condicionalteoría de respuesta al ítempruebas adaptativas multietapaanálisis de residuosMás Videos Relacionados
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