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Estadísticas z de ajuste de persona asintóticamente correctas para el modelo Rasch de testlets
Zhongtian Lin1, Tao Jiang2, Frank Rijmen2
1Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
Psychometrika
|February 25, 2026
Resumen
Se introducen nuevas estadísticas de ajuste de persona, lzt y lzt*, para el modelo de testlets Rasch, que ofrecen una mejora en la detección de respuestas aberrantes en el análisis de la teoría de respuesta al ítem (TRI).
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicometría
- Medición Educativa
- Teoría de Respuesta al Ítem
Sus antecedentes:
- Las estadísticas de ajuste de persona establecidas como lz y lz* se limitan a modelos TRI unidimensionales o multidimensionales conjuntos.
- Los métodos existentes a menudo requieren la estimación simultánea de todos los rasgos latentes, lo que plantea desafíos computacionales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer nuevas estadísticas de ajuste de persona, lzt y lzt*, específicamente para el modelo Rasch de testlets.
- Extender la aplicabilidad de la evaluación del ajuste de persona a una gama más amplia de modelos TRI, incluidos aquellos con estructuras de testlets.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de las estadísticas lzt y lzt* basado en un estimador de habilidad de máxima verosimilitud marginal.
- Extensión del algoritmo de Lord-Wingersky para el cálculo de la estadística lzt*.
- Estudios de simulación para evaluar las tasas de error de Tipo I y la potencia para detectar respuestas aberrantes.
Principales resultados:
- La estadística lzt* propuesta demuestra tasas de error de Tipo I cercanas a las nominales y una potencia satisfactoria en simulaciones.
- Las estadísticas lzt y lzt* se generalizan a lz y lz* para modelos unidimensionales, validando su aplicabilidad más amplia.
- Una aplicación de datos reales ilustra la utilidad de las nuevas estadísticas para pruebas de estructura mixta.
Conclusiones:
- Las estadísticas lzt y lzt* proporcionan una herramienta valiosa para evaluar el ajuste de persona dentro del modelo Rasch de testlets.
- Estas estadísticas mejoran la evaluación del comportamiento de respuesta en un espectro más amplio de modelos TRI.
- Los métodos propuestos son efectivos para identificar respuestas aberrantes en estructuras de prueba complejas.
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