Transferencia única de embriones electiva en ciclos de fertilización in vitro con o sin pruebas genéticas preimplantacionales mediante secuenciación de próxima generación: un ensayo clínico aleatorizado

Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT-A) has been increasingly used in IVF to improve embryo selection. However, its clinical utility in patients with a good prognosis remains debated. There is a lack of robust scientific evidence about the benefits of preimplantation genetic testing Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) on the clinical pregnancy and live birth rates in good-prognosis IVF patients undergoing elective Single Embryo Transfer (eSET) testing.

To compare the clinical pregnancy rate after IVF treatment in patients with a good prognosis between groups that receive the transfer of a single embryo with or without pre-implantation genetic embryo analysis.

This work was a prospective randomized clinical study that evaluated 206 patients to compare the clinical pregnancy rate after the first elective transfer of an embryo, associated or not with pre-implantation genetic embryo analysis using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Patients were randomized into groups: SET group ‒ patients undergoing the transfer of a single embryo (eSET, elective Single Embryo Transfer) without embryo genetic analysis (SET group, n = 103); and NGS + SET group ‒ patients undergoing eSET with embryo genetic analysis (NGS + SET group, n = 103).

The clinical pregnancy rate after the first transfer was similar between the two groups (SET: 76.7 % and NGS + SET: 79.6 %; p = 0.613). There was also no statistical difference in live birth rates or abortion rates between the groups analyzed.

This clinical trial suggests no significant improvement in the embryo genetic analysis in IVF treatments for infertile couples with a good prognosis.